汪洪 岳秀利 惠宏杉

摘 要：目的：初步探讨了全降解生态地膜在甘薯生产上的应用效果，探索解决普通聚乙烯地膜导致农田白色污染的途径。方法：通过安排3种不同配方降解地膜与普通聚乙烯地膜在甘薯上进行覆膜对比试验，不同覆膜时间各处理降解情况以及对甘薯农艺性状及产量影响，以研究不同配方全降解生态地膜降解效果和应用效果。结果：全降解生态地膜降解效果明显，且降解具有可控性。合理设定诱导期的降解地膜对红薯的生长发育及产量影响与普通地膜相当，为全降解生态地膜在生产上进一步推广应用提供科学依据。

关键词：全降解生态地膜;降解性能;甘薯;产量

中图分类号 S531 文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）07-0088-04

Study on Application Effect of Bio-degradable Ecological Plastic Film on Ipomoea Batatas in Suzhou

WANG Hong1 et al.

（Yongqiao District Agricultural and Rural Bureau， Suzhou 234000， China）

Abstract： [Objective]In this study， the application effect of bio-degradable ecological plastic film on Ipomoea batatas was discussed， our purpose was to explore the way to solve the white pollution of farmland caused by ordinary polyethylene film.[Methods] In order to study the degradation and application effect of different formulations of bio-degradable ecological plastic film compared with ordinary plastic film on Ipomoea batatas， the comparative experiment of three different formulations of degradable plastic film was arranged to investigate and detect the degradation at different film covering time， as well as the impact on the agronomic traits and yield of Ipomoea batatas.[Results] The results showed that bio-degradable ecological plastic film was controllable that the degradation effect was also obvious.There was no significantly different on the growth and yield of Ipomoea batatas compared with ordinary plastic film by setting a reasonable induction period.Our research provides a scientific basis for the further application of bio-degradable ecological plastic film in production.

Key words： Bio-degradable ecological plastic film; Degradation performance; Ipomoea batatas; Yield

宿州市是农业大市，耕地面积57.6万hm2，农用地膜覆盖面积7.67余万hm2，每年地膜使用量5870余t。近年来，宿州市把甘薯产业作为农民增收、突破精准扶贫的重要工作来抓，通过项目引导，因地制宜大力推进甘薯产业发展，使甘薯产业成为农民增收的重要渠道。甘薯地膜覆盖栽培技术具有增温、保墒、抗旱、增产等作用，是提高甘薯产量的有效抗逆栽培措施，已成为确保宿州特色农业稳产、高产的重要生产资料之一。但是，随着地膜应用量和使用年限的不断增加，大量残留地膜导致土壤结构破坏，耕地质量降低，严重影响甘薯的生长发育，最终导致甘薯减产。残留地膜造成的“白色污染”不但严重影响正常的农业生产，而且对农业生态环境也构成了巨大的威胁[1]。……