基于区块链技术的《科学数据管理办法》落实路径探析
2021-08-06温亮明李洋余波
温亮明 李洋 余波
摘 要:[目的/意義]探讨区块链技术在《科学数据管理办法》落实过程中的实践应用,对于拓展区块链的应用场景和推动《科学数据管理办法》有效落实具有重要意义。[方法/过程]首先分析了《科学数据管理办法》的落实困境,然后结合区块链的核心技术分析了区块链与《科学数据管理办法》的耦合性,最后提出了基于区块链技术的《科学数据管理办法》落实路径。[结果/结论]研究发现,《科学数据管理办法》的落实困境主要表现在数据管理规划制定、数据汇交与保存、数据共享与利用、数据保密与安全、数据管理绩效考评等方面,可以基于区块链技术打造科学数据管理生态体系、构建科学数据管理联盟链、管控科学数据全生命周期并引入相应激励机制。
关键词:区块链技术;《科学数据管理办法》;生态体系;联盟链;全生命周期;激励机制
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2021.08.014
〔中图分类号〕G250.73 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821(2021)08-0136-11
The Implementation Path of the“Scientific Data
Management Rule” Based on Blockchain
Wen Liangming1,2 Li Yang3* Yu Bo4
(1.Computer Network Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;
2.School of Computer Science and Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing 100049,China;
3.Library,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,China;
4.School of Management and Economics,Southwest University of Science and Technology,
Mianyang 621010,China)
Abstract:[Purpose/Significance]Exploring the application of blockchain technology in“Scientific Data Management Rule”is of great significance to expand the application of the blockchain and promote the effective implementation of the“Scientific Data Management Rule”.[Method/Process]Firstly,this article summarized the real dilemma faced by“Scientific Data Management Rule”implementation.Then,combined with the core technology of the blockchain,and analyzed the coupling between the blockchain and the“Scientific Data Management Rule”.Finally,the implementation path of the“Scientific Data Management Rule”based on blockchain is proposed.[Result/Conclusion]We found that,the implementation dilemmas of the“Scientific Data Management Rule”included the formulation of data management planning,data collection and storage,data sharing and utilization,data confidentiality and security,data management performance evaluation,etc.It is possible to build a scientific data management ecosystem and alliance chain,control the full life cycle of scientific data,and introduce corresponding incentive systems based on blockchain.
Key words:blockchain;Scientific Data Management Rule;ecosystem;alliance chain;full life circle;incentive mechanism
科学数据是指通过人类社会活动积累的反映客观事物本质特征和变化规律的原始基础数据,以及根据使用需求进行系统加工整理的各类数据集合[1]。科学数据管理是指科学数据利益相关者,通过政策规章和技术手段对科学数据的收集、存储、加工、处理、共享、利用等流程进行协调,共同实现科学数据价值最大化的活动过程[2]。为了加强科学数据的规范管理,国务院办公厅于2018年3月印发《科学数据管理办法》(以下简称《办法》),这是我国首次从国家层面针对科学数据管理工作制定政策制度[3]。……
