王国芬 李超萍 时涛 周司珊 李博勋 蔡吉苗 林兆威 黄贵修

摘  要：为明确国内木薯花叶病毒病（cassava mosaic virus disease）的危害情况、田间症状及其病原类型，本研究于2018—2019年调查了该病在国内的分布情况、症状特征及种质来源等数据，采集了8省（区）19地的384份样品，利用特异性引物检测2种木薯花叶病毒侵染引起的症状类型，并通过序列比对明确其病原特点。结果表明：木薯花叶病毒病已经在我国发生，种茎调运是该病远距离传播的主要原因;国内木薯花叶病毒病病原有斯里兰卡木薯花叶病毒株系（Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus， SLCMV）和木薯普通花叶病毒（Cassava common mosaic virus， CsCMV）2种病毒，可分为单独感染、复合感染，其中SLCMV的检出率为21.1%，CsCMV的检出率为36.5%，SLCMV-CsCMV复合侵染率为15.1%;检测到的SLVMV与东南亚SLCMV序列同源性为99.4%～99.7%，检测到的CsCMV与拉丁美洲的CsCMV序列相似性为91%～96%。推测国内木薯花叶病毒病主要由2种病毒侵染引起，且普通花叶病毒有产生序列变异的可能性。

关键词：木薯;斯里兰卡木薯花叶病毒（SLCMV）;木薯普通花叶病毒（CsCMV）;检测;复合侵染

中图分类号：S435.33      文献标识码：A

Distribution and Pathogen Detection of Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease in China

WANG Guofen1， LI Chaoping1， SHI Tao1， ZHOU Sishan2， LI Boxun1， CAI Jimiao1， LIN Zhaowei1，

HUANG Guixiu1

1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， China / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China; 2. College of Plant Protection， Hainan University， Haikou， Hainan 570228， China

Abstract： To clarify the disease situation， symptom types and pathogens of cassava mosaic virus disease in China， 19 locations in 8 provinces were investigated in 2018-2019， and 384 narcissus samples were collected. Data analysis results showed that cassava mosaic virus disease had already occurred in China Stem transportation was the main reason for the long-distance transmission of the disease. Specific primers of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus （SLCMV） and Cassava common mosaic virus （CsCMV） were used to detect the 384 samples. The results showed that SLCMV and CsCMV were detected in 21.1% and 36.5% samples， respectively. 15.1% samples were mix-infected by the two viruses. The sequence similarity between the detected SLVMV and Southeast Asian SLCMV was 99.4%-99.7%， and the sequence similarity between CsCMV and Latin America was 91%-96%. It indicates that domestic cassava mosaic disease is mainly caused by these two viruses， and the Common mosaic virus may have some sequence mutation.

Keywords： Manihot esculenta; Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus （SLCMV）; Cassava common mosaic virus （CsCMV）; detection; mixed infection

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.06.023

木薯（Manihot esculenta）為大戟科多年生作物，主要种植在热带亚热带国家和地区，是世界上第六大粮食作物，在我国华南及中部多个省（区）都有种植，相关产业在农业经济中占有重要地位。木薯花叶病毒病对木薯产业具有毁灭性危害，全球范围内每年因花叶病影响可造成2500万t木薯产量损失，影响到5亿多人口的粮食安全[1]。20世纪90年代，木薯花叶病毒病在乌干达大爆发，许多地区的种植户被迫放弃种植木薯[2]。Thresh等[3]估算非洲地区花叶病发生后，田间病株平均产量约损失30%～40%，产量损失最高达86%。……