王崇 王连军 杨新笋 雷剑 柴沙沙 张文英 焦春海 田小海

摘  要：基于甘薯叶绿体基因组，利用cpSSR分子标记，对104份甘薯栽培品种和地方品种进行遗传多样性分析并构建指纹图谱，为甘薯资源的保护鉴定和遗传改良提供参考。使用了11对cpSSR引物，在104个甘薯材料中总共扩增得到58条条带，多态性条带为47条，单条引物平均扩增的条带数为5.27，平均多态性百分率为81.03%。根据引物在甘薯材料中的扩增结果，构建104个甘薯品种的指纹图谱。对104个甘薯品种的扩增结果进行聚类分析，每个品种间的遗传距离为0.0386～5.2723，平均遗传距离为0.2201，在遗传系数为0.74时将104个甘薯品种分为5组。

关键词：甘薯;cpSSR分子标记;遗传多样性;指纹图谱

中图分类号：S531      文献标识码：A

Construction of cpSSR Fingerprints and Genetic Diversity Analysis of 104 Sweetpotato Varieties

WANG Chong1， 2， WANG Lianjun1*， YANG Xinsun1， LEI Jian1， CHAI Shasha1， ZHANG Wenying2， JIAO Chunhai3**， TIAN Xiaohai2*

1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crops Germplasm and Genetic Improvement  /  Institute of Food Crops， Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hubei Sweetpotato Engineering and Technology Research Centre， Wuhan， Hubei 430064， China; 2. College of Agriculture， Yangtze University， Jingzhou， Hubei 434025， China; 3. Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Wuhan， Hubei 430064， China

Abstract： Based on the sweetpotato chloroplast genome， this study developed cpSSR molecular markers and analyzed the genetic diversity of 104 cultivars and landraces sweetpotato. A fingerprint map was constructed to provide references for the protection identification and genetic improvement of sweet potato resources. 11 pairs of cpSSR markers were used in this study. A total of 58 bands were amplified from 104 sweetpotato materials， with 47 polymorphic bands. The average number of bands amplified by a single primer was 5.27， and the average polymorphism percentage was 81.03%. Based on the amplification results of the primers in the sweet potato material， the fingerprints of 104 sweet potato varieties were constructed. Cluster analysis was performed on the amplification results of 104 sweetpotato varieties. The genetic distance between each variety was 0.0386 to 5.2723， and the average genetic distance was 0.2201. When the genetic coefficient was 0.74， the 104 sweet potato varieties were divided into 5 groups.

Keywords： sweetpotato; cpSSR marker; genetic diversity; fingerprinting

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.06.006

甘薯[Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam]是雙子叶植物，属旋花科（Convolvulaceae）番薯属（Ipomoea Linn.），是重要的粮食、饲料、工业原料和新型能源作物，是世界第七大粮食作物，中国第四大粮食作物[1]。全球甘薯种植面积和产量分别为832.79万hm2和1.064亿t，中国甘薯种植面积为337.28万hm2，产量0.85亿t，分别占全球甘薯种植面积和产量的40.5%与67.0%，均居世界首位[2]。甘薯是同源六倍体植物，染色体数目多，遗传信息复杂，给甘薯的遗传改良和亲本选配带来了一定的困难[3]。

分子标记技术是作物育种的一种重要手段，Selaocoe等[4]使用RAPD标记对31份在南非种植的甘薯品种进行分析，为甘薯的营养改良和抗逆育种提供了参考;苏文瑾等[5]利用SLAP-seq技术，以300份甘薯资源为材料，开发出795 794个SNP位点，为SNP在甘薯资源的鉴定、高遗传图谱的构建和重要性状关联分析奠定了基础;Zhao等[6]通过AFLP标记和SSR分子标记，对‘徐薯18和‘徐781的F1分离群体202个株系构建双亲连锁图谱，得到父母本的90个连锁群。……