肖靖

摘 要：西番莲是一种果汁型热带水果，具有独特的香味和酸甜的口感。近年来，西番莲产业逐渐复苏，种苗需求日益增加。西番莲种苗繁育主要有种子繁殖和扦插繁殖两种方式。种子繁殖繁育系数高，但会发生性状分离;扦插繁殖虽然能保持母本优良性状，但繁育系数不高，且易携带病毒病害。因此，生产上需要因地制宜地选择种苗繁育方式。围绕西番莲两种繁殖方式的影响因素，在查阅大量相关文献的基础上，综述了近年來的研究成果，并就今后西番莲种苗繁育工作进行了展望，以期为西番莲种苗繁育技术的研究提供参考。

关键词：西番莲;种子繁殖;扦插繁殖

中图分类号：S 667.9   文献标志码：A   文章编号：0253-2301（2021）04-0072-06

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.012

Research Status and Prospects on Seed Propagation andCutting Propagation of Passiflora Caerulea L.

XIAO Jing

（Fujian Eco-Tech Center for State Farm and South Subtropical Crops， Fuzhou， Fujian 350003， China）

Abstract： Passiflora caerulea L. is a kind of juice tropical fruit with unique fragrance and sweet and sour taste. In recent years， the industry of Passiflora caerulea L. has gradually recovered， and the demand for seedlings is increasing. The seedling propagation of Passiflora caerulea L. mainly included the seed propagation and the cutting propagation. The breeding coefficient of seed propagation was high， but the segregation of character would occur; The cutting propagation could maintain the good characters of female parent， but the breeding coefficient was low， and it was easy to carry virus and diseases. Therefore， it was necessary to select the seedling breeding modes according to the local conditions. By focusing on the influencing factors of two propagation methods of Passiflora caerulea L.， the research achievements in recent years were reviewed in this paper on the basis of consulting a large number of relevant literature， and the future work of Passiflora caerulea L. seedling breeding was prospected， in order to provide reference for the research of Passiflora caerulea L. seedling breeding technology.

Key words： Passiflora caerulea L.; Seed propagation; Cutting propagation

西番莲，又称百香果、鸡蛋果，起源于南美洲，属西番莲科西番莲属多年生常绿藤本果树。西番莲果实酸甜可口，香味浓郁，果汁中包含有90余种挥发性物质，是一种果汁型热带水果[1-2]。同时，由于西番莲投产快、产量高，近年来成为一些地方政府开展精准扶贫的有力抓手[3]，产业规模正日益扩大。发展西番莲产业首要解决的是种苗问题。目前，西番莲种苗繁育主要有种子繁殖和扦插繁殖两种方式。西番莲种子较多，发芽率高，且全年均可播种，因此采用种子繁殖繁育系数高，出苗量大，但种子繁殖后代会发生性状分离，品质不稳定，且结果迟。扦插繁殖虽然能保持母本优良性状，结果早，但扦插繁殖极易携带病毒病害，且插穗有限，繁殖系数不高，出苗量小。……