刘保财 陈菁瑛 王骥

摘 要：为提高艾在西吉县的成活率，采用查阅文献、实地调研、田间试验、室内测定方法，研究西吉县气候、土壤、栽培措施等因子对艾成活率的影响。结果表明：西吉縣降水天数主要集中在每年的6月至9月。不同地块、前作种类不一，土壤肥力差异较大。繁殖材料以根茎最佳，成活率高达57%。6月种植成活率可提高到88.53%以上，而9月栽培成活率仅为29.25%。覆盖黑膜栽培成活率均高于不覆盖黑膜栽培，以6月份覆盖黑膜栽培的成活率最高，成活率达93.67%。栽培深度因栽培时间而异，以6月4～6 cm栽培深度的成活率最高，达89.88%。综上表明，西吉县可种植艾，建议以根茎作为繁殖材料，宜于每年的6月至8月进行种植，有条件的地方可采用覆盖黑膜栽培，栽培深度不宜太深。

关键词：艾;栽培;影响因子;成活率;西吉县

中图分类号：S 567.239  文献标志码：A  文章编号：0253-2301（2021）04-0032-06

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.006〖HJ50x〗

Study on the Key Influencing Factors of the Survival Rate of Artemisia Argyi

LIU Bao-cai1，2， CHEN Jing-ying1，2*， WANG Ji3

（1. Institute of Agricultural Bioresource， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fuzhou， Fujian 350003， China;

2. Research Center for Medicinal Plant， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences，  Fuzhou， Fujian 350003， China;

3. Ningxia Zeaitang Biotechnology Co.， Ltd.， Guyuan， Ningxia 756200， China）

Abstract： In order to improve the survival rate of Artemisia argyi in Xiji County， the literature review， field investigation， field experiment and laboratory determination were used to study the effects of the climate， soil and cultivation measures on the survival rate of Artemisia argyi in Xiji County. The results showed that the precipitation days in Xiji County were mainly from June to September each year. The preceding crop species were different in different plots， and the soil fertility differed greatly. The rhizome was the best breeding material， and the survival rate was up to 57%. After being planted in June， the survival rate increased to more than 88.53%， while the survival rate was only 29.25% in September. The survival rate of black film mulching cultivation was higher than that of no plastic black film culture， and the survival rate of black film mulching cultivation in June was the highest， reaching 93.67%. The depth of cultivation varied with the cultivation time， and the  survival rate with the cultivation depth of 4-6 cm in June was the highest， reaching 89.88%. To sum up， Artemisia argyi could be planted in Xiji County， and it was suggested to use the rhizomes as the propagation materials. The planting should be carried out from June to August every year， and the film mulching cultivation should be adopted where the conditions permitted， and the depth of cultivation should not be too deep.

Key words： Artemisia argyi; Cultivation; Influencing Factors; Survival Rate; Xiji County

艾Artemisia argyi Levl.et Vant.系菊科Compositae蒿属Artemisia多年生草本植物[1]，具有温经止血，散寒止痛;外用祛湿止痒的功效。主用于吐血、衄血、崩漏、月经过多、胎漏下血等疾病;外治皮肤瘙痒[2]。现代药理研究表明，艾含有挥发油、黄酮、多糖、鞣酸、萜类及微量元素等多种化学成分，具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、保肝利胆、止血及抗凝血、抗过敏、免疫调节、抗癌等作用[3-4]。由于艾具有诸多功效，目前已将其应用于药品、食品、保健品等方面。随着人们保健意识的增强，艾产品更加受到人们的热爱，尤其受到日本、韩国等国家的青睐[5]，因此市场消费量逐年增加，具有广阔的种植与开发前景。……