李晗林 周琼 曾玉荣

摘 要：通过对台湾农村建设历程、政策主线的演进与调整过程的回顾，剖析台湾农村建设政策走向，为福建乡村振兴战略实施提供些许启发。台湾农村建设经过起步、发展、革新、提升4个阶段的调整，运用以“村落文化发展”为重点的社区营造，以“农村持续发展，软硬兼顾”为重点的农村再生，以“均衡城乡差距，引导创造”为重点的地方创生等三大政策措施，层层推进、相辅相成，从推动方式、人力培育、多元协力、多线并进等方面催生农村建设内在动力，重塑了台湾乡村风貌，激发了乡村要素重组，通过长期、渐进式推进，使台湾农村形成其独特的复兴形态。

关键词：农村建设;社区营造;农村再生;地方创生;台湾省

中图分类号：F 327   文献标志码：A   文章编号：0253-2301（2021）04-0049-09

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.009

Review of the Course， Policy Evolution and Trend of Rural Construction in Taiwan

LI Han-lin， ZHOU Qiong， ZENG Yu-rong

（Institute of Agricultural Economics and Scientific Information， Fujian Academy ofAgricultural Sciences， Fuzhou， Fujian 350003， China）

Abstract： The course of Taiwan′s rural construction， the evolution and adjustment of the main policy line were reviewed in this paper， and the trend of Taiwan′s rural construction policy was analyzed， thus to provide some inspiration for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in Fujian. The rural construction in Taiwan has gone through the four stages： starting， developing， innovating and upgrading. The three major policy measures were carried out step by step and mutually reinforcing， including the community construction with the focus on ″village cultural development″， the rural regeneration with the focus on ″rural sustainable development by using gentle methods and force″， and the local creation with the focus on ″balancing the gap between the urban and rural areas and guiding the creativity″， thus to accelerate the internal driving force of rural construction from the aspects of promoting mode， manpower cultivation， diversified cooperation and multi-line parallel progress. It has reshaped the rural landscape in Taiwan and inspired the restructuring of rural elements. Through the long-term and gradual progress， the rural areas in Taiwan have formed their unique rejuvenation patterns.

Key words： Rural construction; Community construction; Rural regeneration; Local creation; Taiwan province

农业、农村、农民问题是关系国计民生的根本性问题，没有农业农村的现代化，就没有国家的现代化，乡村的全面发展与振兴是我国现代化进程中的重要一环。2017年12月29日，中央农村工作会议首次提出走中国特色社會主义乡村振兴道路，并明确实施乡村振兴战略的目标任务。同一时期，我国台湾以“农村再生”为施政主轴的农村建设工作已完成第一阶段与第二阶段任务，并进一步提出“农村再生新农业示范计划”（即农再2.0），对台湾的农村建设工作提出更新要求。在广大农村地区由以往单纯的农业生产向休闲、产业、服务、文化传承、生态保育等多元角色转换过程中，农村建设政策的适时转换是必然需求。……