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低GI红曲茶碎饼干的工艺优化

2021-08-02周昀

福建农业科技 2021年4期

摘 要:使用具有红曲色素和茶多酚等生物活性成分的红曲霉发酵茶碎等制作低GI饼干,为糖尿病人和肥胖症患者提供更多膳食选择。通过四组单因素试验和中心组合试验制作产品,根据其感官评价值确定最佳饼干配方。结果表明:最佳配方为添加4%红曲茶碎粉、9%赤藓糖醇、3.5%黄油混合2.5%大豆油以及杂粮配比(低筋面粉∶魔芋精粉∶燕麦粉∶藜麦粉)为1.8∶1.8∶1∶1。按照最佳配方制作的饼干,感官评价值可达92.7分,口味松脆,风味独特,适合特殊人群食用。

关键词:红曲茶碎;低GI;饼干

中图分类号:TS 213.2   文献标志码:A   文章编号:0253-2301(2021)04-0043-06

DOI: 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.008

Process Optimization of Low GI Biscuits by Fermenting BrokenTea with Monascus Purpureus Went.

ZHOU Yun

(Department of Healthy Food, Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China)

Abstract: The low GI cookies are made by fermenting the broken tea with Monascus purpureus Went. containing the bioactive ingredients such as monascus pigment and tea polyphenols, thus to provide more dietary options for people with diabetes and obesity. Four groups of single factor test and central composite design were used to make the product, and the best biscuit formula was determined according to its sensory evaluation value. The results showed that the optimal formula was to add 4% monascus tea powder, 9% erythritol, 3.5% butter mixed with 2.5% soybean oil, and the ratio of low-gluten flour∶konjac powder∶oat flour∶quinoa flour was 1.8∶1.8∶1∶1. The sensory evaluation value of the biscuits made according to the best formula could reach 92.7 points, with crisp taste and unique flavor, which were suitable for the special people to eat.

Key words: Broken tea with Monascus purpureus Went.; Low GI; Biscuits

由于生活方式的改變,糖尿病和肥胖症成为当今世界的流行性疾病之一[1]。控制饮食是积极应对糖尿病的手段,低GI(血糖指数,glycemic index)膳食可以减缓血糖的升高达到控制糖尿病的作用[2],是糖尿病患者控糖的有效途径。饼干作为深受消费者喜爱的烘焙食品,原料主要以小麦粉(面粉)为主,而面粉作为高GI食物,升糖过快不利于糖尿病和肥胖人群食用[3],虽然近年来杂粮饼干逐渐投放市场,大部分品牌选择膳食纤维含量高的各类农副产品[4],但功能性饼干种类仍然较少。

红曲霉为少数产可食用色素的微生物之一[5],其所产多种生物活性物质,包括红曲色素[6]、洛伐他汀(Monacolin K)等具有抗菌、抗癌、抗炎、降压等多种功效[7],在食品药品行业备受关注。目前红曲功能性饼干的研究大多添加红曲米粉[8-9]进行制作,添加红曲发酵产品制作的饼干鲜见。同时,因茶叶中含有茶多酚、茶多糖等具有抗氧化、抗菌功效的生物活性物质,近年来经常应用于烘焙食品中,给产品带来独特的特性[10]并可改善其品质[11]。……

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