李跃森 吴水金 张帅 戴艺民

摘 要：香粉1号是中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所于2008年从越南野外收集的香蕉优异种质资源，属于龙牙蕉类型。为引进及筛选商品性好、抗性强的、适宜福建热区生产的香蕉新品种，福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所于2018年从东莞香蕉与蔬菜研究所引进香粉1号在漳州市试种。结果表明：香蕉优异种质香粉1号具有生育期短、果型漂亮、风味独特，可食率高、外观品质突出等优点，一般单株产量为11.3 kg，平均产量为27120 kg·hm-2;抗寒能力较强，明显高于巴西蕉，与粉蕉相当;田间调查香粉1号未发现香蕉花叶心腐病和香蕉束顶病，抗香蕉叶斑病能力一般。

关键词：香蕉;香粉1号;适应性;漳州地区

中图分类号：S 668.1   文献标志码：A   文章编号：0253-2301（2021）04-0038-05

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.007

Adaptability of the Excellent Banana Germplasm， Xiangfen No.1 in Zhangzhou Region

LI Yue-sen， WU Shui-jin， ZHANG Shuai， DAI Yi-min*

（Institute of Subtropical Agriculture， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhangzhou， Fujian 363005， China）

Abstract： Xiangfen No.1 is an excellent germplasm resource of banana collected from Vietnam in 2008 by the Institute of Sub-tropical Crops of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences， which belongs to the type of Siamese banana. In order to introduce and screen the new varieties of banana with good commercial properties and strong resistance， which were suitable for the production in the hot areas of Fujian， the Institute of Subtropical Agriculture of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduced Xiangfen No.1 from Dongguan Institute of Banana and Vegetable in 2018 for the trial planting in Zhangzhou City. The results showed that Xiangfen No.1， the excellent germplasm of banana had the advantages of short growth period， beautiful fruit type， unique flavor， high edible rate and outstanding exterior quality. The yield per plant was 11.3 kg and the average yield was 27120 kg·hm-2. It had strong cold resistance， which was obviously higher than that of Brazilian banana and equal to that of dwarf banana. No mottle-leaf heart rot disease and bunchy top disease of banana were found in Xiangfen No.1， and its resistance to banana leaf spot disease was moderate.

Key words： Banana; Xiangfen No.1; Adaptability; Zhangzhou region

香蕉枯萎病的危害在全世界及我國香蕉产区已经呈现出严重的态势[1-2]，福建作为传统香蕉产区也未能幸免。由于香蕉枯萎病肆虐，福建香蕉种植面积由高峰时期的3万hm2逐渐萎缩到目前的

6000 hm2左右[3]。生产不规范和品种单一化使得香蕉枯萎病传播蔓延十分迅速，发生为害逐年加重，如何采取有效的防治策略已成为香蕉生产上急需解决的一道难题。香蕉枯萎病百年的防治历程表明，通过化学防治和生物防治等措施都不能达到理想的效果，选育抗病品种被认为是防治枯萎病最经济有效的措施[4-5]。福建地区香蕉栽培品种单一，病虫害发生逐年加重，导致全省香蕉生产在全国的比重逐年降低。……