余松金 黄佳维 李和平 陈前程 林德锋

摘 要：为筛选出适合石斛兰品种棱粉条纹生长的栽培基质，采用不同配比的发酵松树皮与珍珠岩为栽培基质，以纯水苔种植为对照，研究不同的基质配方对棱粉条纹的分蘖率和新芽高度的影响。结果表明：在5月、6月、8月份，发酵松树皮∶珍珠岩=10∶2栽培基质下棱粉条纹的分蘖率较高，与发酵松树皮∶珍珠岩=10∶1、纯发酵松树皮、纯水苔之间差异不显著。在5月和6月，发酵松树皮∶珍珠岩=10∶3栽培基质下棱粉条纹的新芽高度极显著高于对照，其他处理在各月份与对照差异均不显著。发酵松树皮∶珍珠岩=10∶3栽培基质下的棱粉条纹具有最高新芽高度的同时保持较高的分蘖率。因此，发酵松树皮∶珍珠岩=10∶3基质配方最有利于棱粉条纹的分蘖和新芽的生长。

关键词：石斛兰;棱粉条纹;基质;分蘖率;新芽高度

中图分类号：S 682.31   文献标志码：A   文章编号：0253-2301（2021）04-0023-04

DOI： 10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.04.004

Effects of Different Substrates on the Tillering Rate and New Bud Height of Dendrobium Nobile

YU Song-jin1， HUANG Jia-wei1， LI He-ping2， CHEN Qian-cheng1*， LIN De-feng1

（1. Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences， Zhangzhou， Fujian 363005， China; 2. Institute of

Subtropical Agriculture， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhangzhou， Fujian 363005， China）

Abstract： In order to select the suitable cultivation substrates for the growth of Lengfentiaowen， the variety of Dendrobium nobile， the effects of different substrate formulations on the tillering rate and new bud height of Lengfentiaowen by using the fermented pine bark and perlite with different proportions as the culture substrates and taking the pure water moss culture as the control group. The results showed that in May， June and August， the tillering rate of Lengfentiaowen was higher under the culture substrate with the ratio of fermented pine bark to perlite being 10∶2， which was not significantly different from that with the ratio of fermented pine bark to perlite being 10∶1， pure fermented pine bark and pure water moss. In May and June， the height of new buds of Lengfentiaowen under the culture substrate with the ratio of fermented pine bark to perlite being 10∶3 was significantly higher than that of the control group. But there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the control group in each month. Lengfentiaowen had the highest height of new buds while maintaining a higher tillering rate under the culture substrate with the ratio of fermented pine bark to perlite being 10∶3. Therefore， the formulation with the ratio of fermented pine bark to perlite being 10∶3 was the most beneficial to the tillering and bud growth of Lengfentiaowen.

Key words： Dendrobium nobile; Lengfentiaowen; Substrates; Tillering rate; Height of new buds

石斛蘭Dendrobium spp.又称石斛，是兰科Orchidaceae石斛属Dendrobium植物的总称[1]，它是兰科种最大的属，野生原种约有1500种，据报道我国有原生种76种[2]，主要分布在东亚、东南亚和大洋洲。石斛兰与蝴蝶兰、卡特兰、万代兰合称为“四大观赏洋兰”[3-5]，根据其生长及开花习性不同可分为春石斛和秋石斛两大类[6-7]。石斛兰花形、花姿优美，花色艳丽多彩，花期长，有些品种还有香味，具有极高的观赏价值，可作为切花和盆花应用，拥有十分广阔的市场发展前景。

石斛兰根系发达，属气生根，根际环境需较好的通气条件[8]，一般要求基质透水透气性良好。……