尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效与安全性的Meta分析
2021-07-20李丽萍陈丹丹陈云强欧阳洁淼
李丽萍 陈丹丹 陈云强 欧阳洁淼



摘 要 目的:系統性评价尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗不稳定型心绞痛的有效性与安全性,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国生物医学数据库、维普网、中国知网、万方数据库,收集建库起至2021年1月3日国内外公开发表的尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床随机对照试验(RCT)。对纳入研究进行资料提取,采用改良Jadad量表进行质量评价后,并采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入10项RCT,合计1 123例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与阿托伐他汀钙比较,尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙可显著提高心绞痛有效率[OR=3.44,95%CI(2.35,5.04),P<0.001]、心电图改善率[OR=4.93,95%CI(2.88,8.43),P<0.001],并可显著降低金属基质蛋白酶9(MMP-9)水平[SMD=-4.21,95%CI(-4.63,-3.80),P<0.001]、再发心绞痛发生率[OR=0.30,95%CI(0.12,0.71),P=0.006]、心肌梗死发生率[OR=0.27,95%CI(0.08,0.89),P=0.03]、不良心血管事件发生率[OR=0.34,95%CI(0.21,0.55),P<0. 001]。结论:尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗不稳定型心绞痛在心绞痛有效率、心电图改善率、MMP-9水平、再发心绞痛发生率、心肌梗死发生率方面表现出更好的疗效,在不良心血管事件发生率方面表现出更好的安全性。受纳入研究方法学限制,该结论有待大样本、多中心、高质量的RCT进一步验证。
关键词 尼可地尔;阿托伐他汀钙;不稳定型心绞痛;疗效;安全性;Meta分析
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nicorandil combined with atorvastatin calcium in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris, and to provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: Retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase database, CBM, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang database, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about nicodil combined with atorvastatin calcium in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris were collected from the inception until Jan. 3rd, 2021. The included studies were screened and evaluated with modified Jadad scale. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 10 RCTs were included, involving 1 123 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with atorvastatin calcium group, nitcodil combined with atorvastatin calcium group significantly increased angina response rate [OR=3.44, 95%CI(2.35, 5.04), P<0.001], the rate of electrocardiogram improvement [OR=4.93, 95%CI(2.88, 8.43), P<0.001], and significantly reduced MMP-9 level [SMD=-4.21, 95%CI(-4.63, -3.80), P<0.001], incidence of recurrent angina pectoris [OR=0.30, 95%CI(0.12, 0.71),P=0.006], myocardial infarction rate [OR=0.27, 95%CI(0.08, 0.89), P=0.03], the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events [OR=0.34, 95%CI(0.21, 0.55), P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Nicorandil combined with atorvastatin calcium shows better efficacy in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris in terms of effective rate of angina pectoris, improvement rate of cardiogram, MMP-9 level, incidence of recurrent angina pectoris and the incidence of myocardial infarction, and has better safety in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events. Due to the limitation of included studies, it remains to be verified by RCT with large sample, multi-center and high quality.
KEYWORDS Nicorandil; Atorvastatin; Unstable angina pectoris; Efficacy; Safety; Meta-analysis
不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina pectoris)是一种处于稳定型心绞痛与急性心肌梗死之间的急性冠脉综合征,具有持续时间长、疼痛程度重的特点;及时有效的治疗能够在一定程度上改善患者的预后,防止不稳定型心绞痛的进一步恶化,反之患者则有发生急性心肌梗死或猝死的风险[1]。目前,针对不稳定型心绞痛的治疗措施主要以药物干预为主,阿托伐他汀钙作为一种临床常用他汀类药物,已被证实在不稳定型心绞痛的治疗中效果良好[2-3]。第一个被应用于临床的腺苷三磷酸(ATP)敏感钾离子通道开放剂尼可地尔可用于各种类型的心绞痛的治疗[4-5]。近年有临床研究显示,尼可地尔联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗不稳定型心绞痛的效果优于单用阿托伐他汀钙[6-15],但是这些试验样本量小,且安全性方面仍有争议。……
