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基于CA-Markov模型的巴南区土地利用变化模拟预测研究

2021-07-15冉玉菊

安徽农学通报 2021年11期

冉玉菊

摘 要:土地利用/覆被變化的模拟预测研究对于探索土地利用变化的规律与方向,实现区域可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。该研究以重庆市典型的城乡二元结构巴南区为例,将2005年、2010年、2015年TM影像解译数据作为数据源,在对巴南区土地利用现状进行分析的基础上,构建了CA-Markov模型模拟预测巴南区未来土地利用的变化情况。结果表明:(1)对2015年土地利用模拟结果与实际土地利用现状交叉验证,Kappa系数为0.9145,表明CA-Markov模型进行土地利用格局模拟可行;(2)2005—2015年间,巴南区土地利用类型面积总体上呈现出耕地和林地不断减少,建设用地持续增加,草地和水域变化不明显的变化趋势,究其原因是巴南区近年来城市扩建占用了部分耕地和林地;(3)预测结果显示,2015—2035年间巴南区建设用地面积变化最为明显,将由94.54km2增加到481.75km2,耕地和林地面积依然在持续减少。因此,应严格控制建设用地占用耕地和林地,尽量改造老城区以及提高土地利用集约度来缓解日益加剧的土地压力。

关键词:土地利用变化;预测;CA-Markov模型;巴南区

中图分类号 F301.2;X171.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2021)11-0125-06

Research on Simulation and Prediction of Land Use Change in Banan District Based on CA-Markov Model

RAN Yuju

(School of City and Environment, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China)

Abstract: Research on simulation and prediction of land use/cover change is of great significance for exploring the law and direction of land use change and realizing sustainable development. This study takes Banan District, a typical urban-rural dual structure of Chongqing City as an example, uses TM image interpretation data in 2005, 2010, and 2015 as the data source, and on the basis of analyzing the status quo of land use in Banan District, build a CA-Markov model to simulate and predict future land use changes in Banan District. The results show that: (1) The 2015 land use simulation results are cross-validated with the actual land use status, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.9145, indicating that it is feasible to use the CA-Markov model to simulate the land use pattern; (2) Banan from 2005 to 2015 In general, the area of land use types in the district shows a trend of “decreasing arable land and forest land, continuous increase in construction land, and insignificant changes in grassland and waters”. The reason is that the urban expansion in Banan District has occupied part of the arable land and forest land in recent years; (3) The forecast results show that the construction land area in Banan District has changed most significantly from 2015 to 2035, increasing from 94.54km2 to 481.75km2. The area of arable land and woodland is still decreasing. Therefore, the occupation of arable land and woodland for construction land should be strictly controlled, as far as possible. Transform the old city and increase the intensity of land use to alleviate the increasing pressure on land.

Key words: land use change; prediction; CA-Markov model; Banan District

自1995年国际地圈-生物圈计划(IGBP)和国际全球环境变化人文因素计划(IHDP)联合提出“土地利用/覆盖计划”(land use/cover change,LUCC)研究计划以来,LUCC便成为了国内外学者所研究的热点问题之一[1-3]。部分学者逐渐意识到LUCC会对区域生态环境以及社会经济发展产生直接或间接的影响,进而影响区域乃至全球的可持续发展[4-5]。因此,土地利用动态变化模拟预测研究已成为全球和区域环境变化的重要课题。……

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