37份谷子农艺性状多样性与相关性分析
2021-07-15李涛高志军杨文耀
李涛 高志军 杨文耀



摘 要:以37份谷子材料的14个农艺性状为研究对象,对3个质量性状遗传多样性,14个农艺性状的变异系数、聚类及相关性进行分析。结果表明:质量性状的遗传多样性范围在0.40~1.16;变异系数(CV)变幅在9.32%~59.79%;以欧氏距离为5将37份谷子品种划分为4类,第4类只有2016007,该品种穗颈长度较长、穗码数较多,株高和主茎节数均为最低;小区产量与株高、主穗长、穗粒重、单穗重、千粒重呈极显著正相关,与刺毛长度呈显著正相关,与茎秆粗度呈极显著负相关。该研究对种质资源利用、杂交父母本选配及定向育种具有重要的指导意义。
关键词:谷子;遗传多样性;变异系数;聚类分析;相关性分析
中图分类号 S515文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)11-0096-05
Diversity and Correlation Analysis of 37 Millet Agronomic Traits
LI Tao1 et al.
(1Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China)
Abstract: Based on 14 agronomic traits of 37 millet materials, the genetic diversity of 3 quality traits, the coefficient of variation, clustering, and correlation of 14 agronomic traits were analyzed. The results show that the range of genetic diversity of quality traits is: 0.40 ~ 1.16; the coefficient of variation (CV) varies between 0.09 ~ 0.60; 37 millet varieties are divided into four categories with Euclidean distance of 5, and the fourth category is only 2016007, which has a long panicle neck length, more panicle code, the lowest plant height and main stem node number. The plot yield is extremely significantly positively related to the plant height, main panicle length, grain weight per main stem, panicle weight per main stem, and thousand grain weight, and it is significantly positively related to bristle length. Correlation with extremely significant negative correlation with diameter of main stem. This study has important guiding significance for germplasm resource utilization, hybrid parent selection and targeted breeding.
Key words: Millet; Genetic diversity; Coefficient of variation; Cluster analysis; Correlation analysis
谷子(Sataria italiea Beauv.)是世界性栽培作物[1],与青狗尾草同科属,细胞染色体2n=18[2]。谷子去壳后为小米[3],其营养丰富,含蛋白质和氨基酸、脂肪和脂肪酸、碳水化合物、多种维生素及矿物质等,可满足人体必需的六大营养素要求[4]。《食物本草》中强调小米有益气补虚、润肠健胃、养心安神之效[5]。随着人们对小米保健功效的认识,各种小米深加工制品陆续出现,如:河南的小米油茶粉、云南的小米鲊、山东的小米煎饼以及台湾地区的小米酒等[6]。
中国是谷子最大的发源地,拥有极其丰富的种质资源,地方品种众多[7],具有广泛的形态学、遗传学差异。通过各地谷子性状的遗传多样性、相关性等分析,不仅可以对谷子进行准确、高效的分类,而且对优质杂交亲本选配、定向育种等具有重要的指导意义。……
