观赏草种植栽培养护管理技术
2021-07-15田娅玲周丹燕尤黎明
田娅玲 周丹燕 尤黎明


摘 要:观赏草是一类株型优美、质感丰富且季相多变的新型园林植物材料,其抗逆性强、耐粗放管理,可以适应各种不同的种植环境,应用在园林中能够极大地降低绿地养护成本,减轻绿地用水对城市水资源的压力,是当下建设海绵城市、创建节约型园林景观的最佳植物材料。该文重点从观赏草种植前的土壤准备和品种选择、种植的深度和间距以及种植后的浇水、施肥、分株、修剪等养护管理措施等方面,阐述了观赏草种植栽培养护管理的过程、技术要点以及常见病虫害和防治措施,并提出了栽培養护管理过程中应注意的相关事项。
关键词:观赏草;种植;养护;技术
中图分类号 S688文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)11-0077-04
The Cultivation and Maintenance Techniques of Ornamental Grasses
TIAN Yaling et al.
(Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Dhanghai 201602, China)
Abstract: Ornamental grass is a new type of garden plants, with beautiful plant architecture, rich texture and colorful season phase views. Ornamental grass landscape is very easily maintaining because of its strong resistance and adaptation to different environment. Ornamental grass application in landscape architecture not only greatly reduce the maintenance cost, but also reduce the city water resources load. So ornamental grass is one of the best plant materials to construct both conservation-minded garden and sponge city. Here it is elaborated that the ornamental grass varieties selection, planting soil preparation, planting depth and spacing, watering, fertilization, plant pruning, and so on. The ornamental grass plant cultivation and maintenance key points, and the prevention of the common diseases and insect pests are also detailed descripted.
Key words: Ornamental grass; Plant; Maintenance; Technology
观赏草是指具有观赏价值的单子叶草本植物的统称[1]。其定义一般有广义和狭义之分,广义上的观赏草除了禾本科(Poaceae)植物之外,还包括莎草科(Cyperaceae)、木贼科(Equisetaceae)、灯心草科(Juncaceae)、香蒲科(Typhaceae)、天南星科(Araceae)菖蒲属(Acorus)、天门冬科(Asparagaceae)沿阶草属(Ophiopogon)、山麦冬属(Liriope)等植物,而狭义上的观赏草主要是指禾本科植物[2],园林景观中常说的观赏草一般多指广义上的定义。作为一类新型的园林应用材料,观赏草具有较强的抗逆性、较高的生态价值、经济价值和美学价值,尤其是随着生态文明建设与环保节能政策的不断推广,建设节约型园林绿化已成为促进城市经济和生态可持续发展的重要途径,观赏草低维护的特性,无疑是建设节约型园林景观的先锋植物。……
