一株野生平菇的鉴定及营养生长条件研究
2021-07-15张耀玲王胜宝郝兴顺刘勇张成兵魏芳勤黄重
张耀玲 王胜宝 郝兴顺 刘勇 张成兵 魏芳勤 黄重



摘 要:利用ITS方法和进化树构建对1株自分离的野生侧耳属真菌进行了分析鉴定,通过单因素试验研究了影响该真菌菌丝生长的环境和营养条件。结果表明:经鉴定,该侧耳属真菌为平菇,宁强平菇菌株与其他平菇菌株亲缘关系远,自分离和选育的镇巴平菇和宁强平菇亲缘关系较远。该平菇菌丝生长的最佳碳源为蔗糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨,生长的最佳pH在6.0~6.5,最适温度25℃,最佳碳氮比10∶1。
关键词:菌丝;ITS;平菇
中图分类号 S571.1文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)11-0040-03
Identification of a Wild Pleurotus ostreatus Strain and its Nutritional Growth Conditions
ZHANG Yaoling1,2 et al.
(1Hanzhong Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Hanzhong 723000, China; 2Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products Inspection Test Center of Yulin, Yulin 719000, China)
Abstract: A self isolated wild Pleurotus fungus was identified by its method and phylogenetic tree construction. Then, the environmental and nutritional conditions affecting the mycelial growth of the fungus were studied by single factor experimental design. The results showed that Pleurotus ostreatus was Pleurotus ostreatus, and Ningqiang Pleurotus ostreatus was far related to other Pleurotus ostreatus strains, and Zhenba Pleurotus ostreatus and Ningqiang Pleurotus ostreatus were far related. The optimal carbon source and nitrogen source for the mycelium growth of Pleurotus ostreatus were sucrose and peptone. The optimal pH range for the mycelium growth was 6.0-6.5, the optimal temperature was 25℃, and the optimal carbon nitrogen ratio was 10∶1.
Key words: Mycelium; ITS; Pleurotus ostreatus
側耳属为一类营养价值和经济价值较高的腐生真菌,在我国栽培种类丰富,范围广,市场占有量大,具有悠久的栽培历史[1]。据研究发现,全世界大概有50种侧耳属具有有效名,图力古尔[2]等初步确定了我国分布有36个侧耳种。在中国栽培的侧耳属真菌包括糙皮侧耳(平菇)、肺形侧耳(秀珍菇)、金顶侧耳(榆黄蘑)等[2]。近年来,分子生物学方法的应用为侧耳属的分类和鉴定带来了便利。为此,笔者从宁强县深山采摘并分离获得一株侧耳属菌株,随后利用ITS方法对其进行了分析和鉴定,对该菌株的菌丝生长适宜条件进行了研究,旨在探索该侧耳属菌株生长适宜的条件,为该菌株的进一步开发利用提供依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 供试材料 供试野生菌株采自汉中市宁强县,通过组织分离留种,记为宁强菌株。
1.2 试验方法
1.2.1 宁强菌株的分子鉴定 采用PDA复合培养基培养菌丝,CTAB法提取DNA。通用引物ITS1和ITS4各1μL,DNA:1μL,2*Mix:10μL,进行PCR,用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测PCR产物,送公司测序。……
