孔昊　　黄书霞　　王明慧　程芳　宋玉萍

[关键词] 应对方式;焦虑;睡眠质量;职高生

[中图分类号] G444          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）14-0160-04

Mediation between coping style and sleep quality of vocational high school students with anxiety

KONG Hao1   HUANG Shuxia1   WANG Minghui2   CHENG Fang3   SONG Yuping1

1.School of Psychology， Weifang Medical University， Weifang   261053， China; 2.Department and Institute of Psychology， Ningbo University， Ningbo   315211， China; 3.Ningbo Kangning Hospital， Ningbo   315201， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the impacts of coping style and sleep quality of vocational high school students， and to investigate the mediation of anxiety between the two items. Methods A total of 530 vocational high school students in Chengdu were investigated by simple coping style questionnaire（SCSQ）， self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）. Results The detection rate of sleep disorder in vocational high school students was 19.5%. The results showed that negative coping style was positively correlated with anxiety score and PSQI score（r=0.331， P<0.01; r=0.323， P<0.01）. Positive coping style was negatively correlated with anxiety score and PSQI score（r=-0.170， P<0.01; r=-0.100， P<0.05）. Anxiety was positively correlated with sleep quality（r=0.455， P<0.01）. The mediation of vocational high school students′ anxiety between coping style and sleep quality was statistically significant. Conclusion The negative coping style and anxiety of vocational high school students are important factors impacting sleep quality. By reducing the frequency of using negative coping style and relieving their anxiety， the sleep quality can be improved.

[Key words] Coping style; Anxiety; Sleep quality; Vocational high school students

隨着社会对个人能力要求的提升，中学生所面临的学业压力也在不断上升，青少年出现睡眠问题已成为普遍现象[1]。职高生作为特殊的高中生群体，除正常的课业任务外还需完成相应的专业课程，其睡眠质量更应得到关注。

睡眠是人类生命活动中不可或缺的一部分，是维持正常生理状态的基础生命活动[2]。睡眠质量是对个体睡眠状况进行衡量的一种主观指标。产生睡眠问题的因素有许多，外部因素如生活事件的刺激量、家庭状况、学业负担;内部因素如个体的自尊、心理健康水平及食欲等都会影响到睡眠质量[3-4]。其中，生活事件和负性情绪状态都是影响睡眠质量的重要因素[5-6]。应对方式作为面对生活事件时所产生的应激反应中的重要中介变量，也被证实与睡眠质量之间存在高相关，倾向于采用不成熟、消极应对方式的高中生常存在睡眠问题[7]。

应对是指个体在面临应激情境时为减少压力或伤害而做出的认知或行为努力[8]，即对应激事件的认知评估发生改变，并对与事件有关的躯体或情感反应进行调节[9]。应对方式是个体所特有的一种惯性行为[10]。这种特有的惯性行为会使个体在面对生活事件时，心理、生理均产生一定变化，进一步影响睡眠水平[5]。临床研究也指出，采用消极的压力应对策略会促进个体出现失眠状况[11]。……