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布托啡诺、地佐辛联合芬太尼用于腹腔镜术后PCIA效果观察

2021-07-01郑玉玲罗文芬

上海医药 2021年7期
关键词:腹腔镜效果手术

郑玉玲 罗文芬

摘 要 目的:比较布托啡诺、地佐辛联合芬太尼用于术后患者静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)的效果。方法:选择150例腹腔镜术后患者按入院时间分为芬太尼组(S组)、布托啡诺联合芬太尼组(BS组)、地佐辛联合芬太尼(DS组)各50例。比较三组PCIA的使用情况、不良反应及镇痛、镇静效果。结果:DS组有效和实际按压PCIA泵次数、PCIA泵药物减少量、曲马多用量、不良反应发生率均少于BS和S组(P<0.05);术后1~2 h BS组NRS和Ramsay评分优于DS和S组(P<0.05),而术后6~48 h DS组NRS和Ramsay评分优于BS组、S组(P<0.05)。结论:地佐辛联合芬太尼用于腹腔镜后PCIA镇痛、镇静效果最佳。

关键词 腹腔镜手术 静脉自控镇痛 布托啡诺 地佐辛 芬太尼

中图分类号:R971.2; R656 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)07-0037-04

Observation of the effect of butorphanol or dezocine combined with fentanyl on PCIA after laparoscopic surgery

ZHENG Yuling*, LUO Wenfen

(Department of Anesthesiology, Shunde Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, Guangdong Foshan 528300, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effects of butorphanol or dezocine combined with fentanyl for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in postoperative patients. Methods: One hundred and fifty patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery were selected and divided into a fentanyl group (S group), a butorphanol combined with fentanyl group (BS group) and a dezocine combined with fentanyl (DS group) with 50 cases each based on their admission time. The usage of PCIA , the incidence of adverse reactions and the analgesia and sedation were compared among the three groups. Results: The times of effective and actual compressions of the PCIA pump, the drug reduction in the PCIA pump, the tramadol dosage and the incidence of adverse reactions were less in the DS group than the BS and S groups (P<0.05). NRS and Ramsay scores at 1 to 2 hours after surgery were better in BS group than DS and S groups (P<0.05) and NRS and Ramsay scores at 6 to 48 hours after operation were better in DS group than BS and S groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dezocine combined with fentanyl used after laparoscopy has the best analgesia and sedation effect.

KEy WORDS laparoscopic surgery; intravenously controlled analgesia; butorphanol; dezocine; fentanyl

腹腔镜手术由于创口小、恢复快的优点广泛应用于外科多种疾病的治疗中,但术后疼痛依然是个不容忽视的问题。术后疼痛若控制不好会对机体产生诸多不良影响,如给患者主观带来不舒适感,影响其心理状态、内分泌功能、胃肠功能等,从而延长住院时间,不利于术后康复[1-2]。有文献报道腹腔镜术后第1天疼痛的发生率达43%[3]。因此,对腹腔镜术后患者进行疼痛管理至关重要。静脉自控镇痛(patient-controlled intravenous analgesia,PCIA)因方法多,配方多而普遍用于急性疼痛的治疗。芬太尼是常规术后镇痛药物,但单用时恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制、皮膚瘙痒等不良反应高。目前针对腹腔镜术后患者采用芬太尼联合其他药物用于镇痛,可提高镇痛效果,降低不良反应[4-5]。我们通过芬太尼分别联合布托啡诺、地佐辛对腹腔镜术后患者进行PCIA镇痛治疗,观察各自的效果及不良反应,筛选出最佳镇痛方法。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2018年7月—2019年12月我院普外科收治的腹腔镜术后患者150例,其中男88例,女62例,年龄(51.45±5.81)岁,体质量指数(21.73±2.24)kg/m2。……

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