赵冰梅 朱玉永 王林

摘要 ：为明确丙炔氟草胺与二甲戊灵混配使用防除新疆覆膜棉田杂草的效果及其对棉花的安全性，在新疆南北疆进行了田间药效试验。结果表明，50%丙炔氟草胺WP 45～120 g/hm2+33%二甲戊灵EC 742.5/1 237.5 g/hm2对龙葵Solanum nigrum、藜Chenopodium album、灰绿藜C.glaucum、反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus和稗草Echinochloa crus-galli等一年生杂草防除效果理想，持效期45～60 d，对苘麻Abutilon theophrasti、田旋花Convolvulus arvensis有一定的防效，但对其生长抑制作用不佳，对榆树Ulmus pumila 苗防效差。50%丙炔氟草胺WP+33%二甲戊灵EC高剂量处理或在持续低温多雨情况下，对棉花出苗和生长有一定影响。在农业生产中，应重视完善和优化丙炔氟草胺与二甲戊灵混配使用的田间应用技术，避免和降低除草剂药害风险。

关键词 ：丙炔氟草胺; 二甲戊灵; 棉田; 杂草防除; 安全性

中图分类号：

S 451.22; S 482.4

文献标识码： B

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020074

Control effect of mixed use of flumioxazin and pendimethalin

on weeds in cotton fields and safety to cotton

ZHAO Bingmei， ZHU Yuyong， WANG Lin*

（General Station of Agriculture Technology Extension， Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps， Urumqi 830011， China）

Abstract

In order to clear the effect of the mixed use of flumioxazin and pendimethalin in controlling weeds in Xinjiang film-covered cotton fields and its safety to cotton，field efficacy tests were conducted in the north and south of Xinjiang. The results showed that 45-120 g/hm2

flumioxazin 50% WP+7425/1 2375 g/hm2

pendimethalin 33% EC had ideal control effect on annual broadleaf weeds such as Solanum nigrum， Chenopodium album， C.glaucum， Amaranthus retroflexus and Echinochloa crus-galli，with duration period of 45-60 d. It had certain control effect on Abutilon theophrasti and Convolvulus arvensis but poor growth inhibition effect and poor control effect on Ulmus pumilaseedlings. High dose treatment of flumioxazin 50% WP+pendimethalin 33% EC or continuous low temperature and heavy rain had certain influence on the emergence and growth of cotton. In agricultural production， attention should be paid to optimize the field application technology of flumioxazin and pendimethalin to avoid and reduce the risk of herbicide damage.

Key words

flumioxazin; pendimethalin; cotton fields; weeds control; safety

棉田除草是保證棉花优质高产的一项重要措施，二甲戊灵（pendimethalin）因对棉花有较高的安全性，对大多数一年生杂草具有良好的防效而广泛应用于新疆棉田播前土壤封闭除草[1]。但近年来，龙葵在新疆棉田快速蔓延，已由次要杂草上升为优势杂草种群。龙葵具有生长力旺盛，繁殖力强、生育期短（一年2～3茬）、连续多实性和落粒性等特点，其危害伴随棉花的整个生长期，严重影响棉花产量和品质[23]。二甲戊灵对龙葵防效较差[45]，单一使用二甲戊灵已难满足新疆棉田杂草防除需求。丙炔氟草胺（flumioxazin）是日本住友化学工业株式会社开发的一种原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂类除草剂，是触杀型选择性除草剂，主要用于防除大豆、棉花、葡萄和其他许多农作物阔叶杂草，具有杀草谱广、作用迅速和施药方式灵活、环境友好等特点，对玉米、小麦、大麦、甜菜等后茬作物无影响，土壤处理后敏感杂草的芽坏死，在短暂的日光照射后死亡[67]。……