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山西省窖藏薯类块茎中2种短体线虫的种类鉴定

2021-06-29丰叶青姚亚楠杜娟杨艺萌徐玉梅赵增旗王建明

植物保护 2021年3期

丰叶青 姚亚楠 杜娟 杨艺萌 徐玉梅 赵增旗 王建明

摘要 :本文采用传统形态学与分子生物学相结合的方法,对采自山西省窖藏马铃薯和薯蓣块茎中的短体线虫进行了种类鉴定。结果表明,从马铃薯块茎中分离出的短体线虫形态学特征与斯克里布纳短体线虫Pratylenchus scribneri一致,其SSU序列与P.scribneri美国群体相似性达99.8%。从薯蓣块茎中分离出的短体线虫形态学特征与咖啡短体线虫P.coffeae一致,其ITS序列与P.coffeae浙江群体相似性达98.8%。斯克里布纳短体线虫首次在我国马铃薯块茎中发现,咖啡短体线虫首次在山西省薯蓣块茎中发现。

关键词 :山西; 马铃薯; 薯蓣; 斯克里布纳短体线虫; 咖啡短体线虫; 鉴定

中图分类号:

S 432.45

文献标识码: A

DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020036

Identification of two species of Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from

the tubers of potato and yam in storage in Shanxi province

FENG Yeqing1, YAO Yanan1, DU Juan1, YANG Yimeng1, XU Yumei1*, ZHAO Zengqi1,2, WANG Jianming1

(1. College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China;

2. Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Auckland 1072, New Zealand)

Abstract

Two species of Pratylenchus, collected from the tubers of potato and yam in storage in Shanxi province, were identified based on morphological and molecular analyses in this study. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the nematode population extracted from potato tubers were consistent with those of P.scribneri. It had 99.8% nucleotide similarity in SSU gene sequence with an American P.scribneri population. The morphological characteristics of the nematode population extracted from yam tubers were consistent with those of P.coffeae, with a 98.8% nucleotide similarity in ITS gene sequence with a Zhejiang Pcoffeae population. P.scribneri was first reported in potato tubers in China and P.coffeae was first found in yam tubers in Shanxi.

Key words

Shanxi province; potato; yam; Pratylenchus scribneri; Pratylenchus coffeae; identification

短體属线虫Pratylenchus Filipjev是一类根部迁移性、内寄生的植物病原线虫,可引起多种作物的根腐线虫病,其寄主范围和地理分布广泛,对寄主作物具有严重的经济危害性[1],可给农业生产造成极大的损失[2]。

目前全球范围内已报道的短体线虫有效种为106种[36],我国报道的有30余种,其中有些种类因缺乏详细的形态学或分子生物学数据而暂不列为有效种[79]。目前将咖啡短体线虫P.coffeae、穿刺短体线虫P.penetrans、伤残短体线虫P.vulnus、玉米短体线虫P.zeae、蒿短体线虫P.artemisiae和薯蓣短体线虫P.dioscoreae共6种列为中国种。

2017年-2019年,在对山西省薯类线虫病害进行调查的过程中,从窖藏马铃薯和薯蓣块茎中各分离到一种短体线虫。为明确其种类,本文采用了形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法,对马铃薯和薯蓣块茎中分离到的短体线虫进行了鉴定。……

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