钟裕俊 潘立婷 杜素洁 王福莲 刘万学

摘要 ：豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola （Goureau）是一种重要的潜叶类害虫，近年来，其为害程度逐年加重。本研究于2016年-2018年，在豌豆彩潜蝇发生高峰期，采用五点取样法对北京地区露地植物的潜叶蝇为害情况进行调查采样;并对豌豆彩潜蝇在7种嗜好寄主植物上的种群发生进行了动态分析。结果表明，在北京地区共记录豌豆彩潜蝇的寄主植物9科35种，主要为菊科、十字花科和豆科等寄主蔬菜、杂草或花卉，其中以豌豆、生菜、莴苣、长叶莴笋、苦苣菜、诸葛菜和欧洲油菜受害最为严重。在北京地区，该虫一年有春季和秋季两个发生高峰期，春季高峰期为5月中旬至6月上旬，秋季高峰期为9月下旬至10月中旬，春季为害情况重于秋季。本文明确了豌豆彩潜蝇在北京地区的寄主植物种类及发生动态，对该虫的预测预报以及制定有效防控措施具有重要指导意义。

关键词 ：豌豆彩潜蝇; 寄主植物; 种群动态

中图分类号：

S 436.3

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020012

Host plants and population dynamics of leafminer Chromatomyia horticola

（Goureau） in Beijing

ZHONG Yujun1，2， PAN Liting2， DU Sujie2， WANG Fulian1*， LIU Wanxue2*

（1. College of Agriculture， Institute of Entomological Science， Yangtze University， Jingzhou 434025， China; 2. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests， Institute of Plant Protection， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100193， China）

Abstract

Chromatomyia horticola （Goureau） is an important leaf-miner pest. In recent years， its harm degree increases year by year. From 2016 to 2018， during the peak period of the occurrence of C.horticola， the five-point sampling method was used to investigate the hazards of leaf-miners on open field plants in Beijing， and the population dynamics of C.horticola on seven species of hobby-host plants was analyzed. The results showed a total 35 species of plants that belong to nine families as hosts of C.horticola were recorded in Beijing area， in which Asteraceae， Brassicaceae， Fabaceae were the main families. It affected most seriously on Pisum sativum， Lactuca sativa var. ramosa， L.sativa， L.sativa var. longifolia， Sonchus oleraceus， Orychophragmus violaceus and Brassica napus. In Beijing area， this pest has two peak seasons， in spring and autumn， spring peak period from mid-May to early June， autumn peak period from late September to mid-October， and was more harmful in spring than in autumn. This paper makes clear the host plant species and dynamics of C.horticola in Beijing area， which is of great significance to the prediction and the formulation of effective prevention and control measures of this pest.

Key words

Chromatomyia horticola; host plant; population dynamics

豌豆彩潛蝇Chromatomyia horticola （Goureau）隶属双翅目Diptera，潜蝇科Agromyzidae，植潜蝇亚科Phytomyzinae，又名豌豆潜叶蝇、豌豆植潜蝇、油菜潜叶蝇，可为害多种蔬菜及观赏植物，造成严重的经济损失[17]。成虫、幼虫均可为害植株，主要以幼虫取食叶肉造成危害，叶正面和叶背都可见“蛇形”不规则潜道，以叶背为多，潜道随虫龄增加而逐渐加宽，道内可见细小黑色颗粒状虫粪，严重影响了植株正常的光合作用;雌成虫取食或产卵过程会刺破叶片，产生明显的白色小刻点，由此造成的机械损伤为病原物侵入植物体提供了重要途径[89]。……