抗草甘膦转基因大豆‘ZH10-6’对田间生物多样性的影响
2021-06-29陈景超崔海兰于海燕李政贾芳李香菊
陈景超 崔海兰 于海燕 李政 贾芳 李香菊



摘要 :轉基因大豆新品种在商业化之前必须进行环境安全评价,其中,转基因大豆对田间生物多样性的影响是环境安全评价的重要组成部分。本研究以转G2-EPSPS和GAT双价基因的抗草甘膦大豆‘ZH10-6及其受体大豆‘中黄10为材料,于2019年在北京顺义地区进行了大田试验,调查了不同处理对节肢动物多样性、主要病害发生、根瘤菌及杂草多样性的影响。结果表明:与非转基因大豆‘中黄10相比,转基因大豆‘ZH10-6不同处理田间节肢动物物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势集中性指数、Pielou均匀性指数无显著差异;大豆霜霉病与病毒病的发病率和病情指数无显著差异;根瘤数差异不显著,大豆田杂草多样性无显著差异。研究结果为抗草甘膦转基因大豆‘ZH10-6的环境安全性评价提供了依据。
关键词 :转基因大豆; 草甘膦; 生物多样性; 节肢动物; 杂草
中图分类号:
S 451.1
文献标识码: A
DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2020405
Effects of transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean ZH10-6 on
the biodiversity in the field
CHEN Jingchao, CUI Hailan, YU Haiyan, LI Zheng, JIA Fang, LI Xiangju*
(Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
Abstract
Environmental safety assessment is a necessary step before commercialization for new transgenic soybean varieties, and evaluating the impacts of genetically modified soybean on biodiversity is an important part of environmental safety assessment. In this study, the effects of transgenic soybean ‘ZH10-6 pyramiding two genes (G2-EPSPS and GAT) and non-transgenic soybean of the receptor variety ‘ZH10 on arthropod diversity, disease occurrence, the number of soybean nodule and weed diversity were investigated in Shunyi district, Beijing in 2019. The results showed that there were no significant differences in arthropod diversity (the species number, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson index and Pielou index), disease incidence rate and index, soybean nodules and weed diversity between ‘ZH10-6 and the non-transgenic soybean ‘ZH10. The results provide a basis for the environmental safety assessment of glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybean ‘ZH10-6.
Key words
transgenic soybean; glyphosate; biodiversity; arthropod; weeds
大豆Glycine max起源于中国,是重要的粮食和油料作物,也是养殖业蛋白质饲料的重要来源[1]。从20世纪90年代开始,我国对大豆的需求量猛增,而国内大豆产量无法满足需求,逐渐依赖进口。近年来,我国大豆的进口量一直占需求量的80%以上,且进口大豆绝大部分为转基因大豆[2]。转基因大豆目前在国内主要用于榨油以及生产饲料用豆粕,国产非转基因大豆主要用于直接食用和生产豆制品。进口转基因大豆因其成本低、出油率高等优势不断挤压着国产大豆的市场。国内大豆种植面积不断萎缩以及对进口大豆的高度依赖对我国的粮食安全产生了潜在的威胁。……
