摘 要：随着环境问题的日益凸显，学界对环境保护的研究日甚，其中不乏宗教生态学的研究，也有不少关于宗教信仰对环保行为影响的定量研究，但研究结论不尽相同。近年来，宗教在我国得以快速发展，但却鲜有宗教影响环保行为的定量研究，更没有关于不同宗教对环保行为的影响，以及对其作用机制的探讨。本研究基于CGSS2010年的數据，实证检验了宗教信仰对民众环保行为的影响，结果显示：居民的宗教信仰对于促进其自身的环保行为具有积极正向作用，主要是促进了其公共领域的环保行为。在进一步考察不同的宗教信仰对环保行为的影响时，发现不同宗教对环保行为的影响存在显著的不同。相较于外来宗教，本土宗教对环保行为的影响正向且更为显著，其中影响程度最大的是佛教。宗教通过对个体的价值观、环保态度的影响来影响环保行为，尤其是影响公共环保行为和私人环保行为。在利用工具变量缓解了可能存在的内生性问题之后，以上结论仍然成立。

关键词：宗教;公共环保行为;私人环保行为

中图分类号：D082    文献标识码：A    DOI：10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2021.02.014

Religious Belief and Environmental Protection Behavior Choice of Chinese Residents

HUANG Jun-jie

（School of Public Affairs， Xiamen University， Xiamen 361005， China）

Abstract：With the increasing prominent environmental problems， the academic community has been studying the environmental protection day by day. There are not only religious ecology studies， but also a lot of quantitative research on the impact of religious beliefs on environmental protection behavior， but the research conclusions are different. In recent years， religion has been developing rapidly in China， but there is little quantitative research on religious impact on environmental protection behavior， let alone the impact of different religions on environmental protection behavior and the mechanism of action. Based on cgss 2010 data， this study empirically tests the impact of religious beliefs on peoples environmental behavior. The results show that： the religious beliefs of residents have positive effect on promoting their own environmental protection behaviors， but mainly promote their public environmental protection behaviors. In the further study of the impact of different religious beliefs on environmental protection behavior， it is found that different religions have significant differences in the impact on environmental protection behavior. Compared with foreign religions， the impact of local religions on environmental protection behavior is positive and more significant， among which Buddhism is the most influential. The analysis of the mechanism of action shows that religion influences environmental behavior through the influence of individual values and attitudes， especially public and private environmental protection. After using tool variables to alleviate the potential endogenous problems， the above conclusions are still valid.

Key words：religion; public environmental behavior; private environmental behavior

一、引言

资源短缺、环境污染、生态破坏，全球性的三大危机引发了学界对全球环境危机问题的持续性关注。不同的学科试图通过不同的方法来解决这场危机，包括自然科学与社会科学。其中，以经济学的视角为主导的分析路径正逐步成型。传统的解决方案侧重于由大型工业源所造成的污染，而不是由个人造成的污染[1]，政府对造成污染问题的个人活动几乎没有直接的限制[2]。……