梁杰

摘要 新型职业农民是乡村振兴战略的内生动力，塑造与以往时代农民不同的生态人格不仅是解决农村危机的关键，也是生态文明时代对人格范式转型的内在呼唤。从心理学视角确定生态人格的内涵和新型职业农民生态人格的具体特征即生态认知与信念、生态情感与态度、生态意志与行为、生态信念与价值观。基于心理资本认知框架提出心理资本的提升和开发是新型职业农民生态人格养成的内在机制与原发动力，在教育中要注重新型職业农民的自我效能感的提高、提升希望、增强韧性、培养乐观。高等职业教育要把培育新型职业农民的生态人格作为教育的目标和追求。

关键词 新型职业农民;生态人格;心理资本

中图分类号 G640 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0258-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.069

Abstract New-type professional farmers are the endogenous driving force of the rural revitalization strategy. Creating an ecological personality different from farmers in previous eras is not only the key to solving the rural crisis， but also the internal call for the transformation of the personality paradigm in the era of ecological civilization. From the perspective of psychology， the connotation of ecological personality and the specific characteristics of ecological personality of new professional farmers are determined， namely， ecological cognition and belief， ecological emotion and attitude， ecological will and behavior， ecological belief and values. Based on the cognitive framework of psychological capital， it is proposed that the improvement and development of psychological capital is the internal mechanism and the original motivation for the development of new-type professional farmers ecological personality. In education， it is necessary for new-type professional farmers to improve their self-efficacy， enhance hope， enhance resilience， and cultivate optimism. Higher vocational education should take the cultivation of the ecological personality of new-type professional farmers as the goal and pursuit of education.

Key words New professional farmers;Ecological personality;Psychological capital

“三农”问题一直是党和政府高度重视的问题。目前我国农村存在“村庄空心化、农户空巢化、农民老龄化”的现象，致使农村“缺活力、缺生气、缺生机”。工业文明向生态文明转型时期的农村危机其实质是人的危机，人性的迷失和人格的扭曲异化了人们的生活方式，进而加剧了农村的危机。著名的后现代主义思想家托马斯·伯里称：人类的未来社会应当是一个追求生态文明的“生态时代”，这个时代不仅要求重构外部自然生态平衡，更重要的是要重构内部自然生态即人的精神生态、人格生态的平衡，实现对人的重新塑造，以形成区别于以往时代的人的特有的思想观念和行为方式。……