查锦宏 蒙怡 朱蕴兰 邵颖 陈安徽 张爱文 曹阳 岳明宇 朱文静

摘要 为研究球孢白僵菌在牛蒡苗中的定殖情况，采用浸种法、灌根法处理牛蒡种子，种植后每隔7 d取牛蒡苗采用组织研磨涂布法检测球孢白僵菌在牛蒡苗中的定殖情况，研究球孢白僵菌在牛蒡苗不同组织中的分布状况与定殖规律。结果表明，灌根和浸种法均能将球孢白僵菌成功定殖于牛蒡苗中，但浸种法优于灌根法。灌根处理7 d时，牛蒡苗中未检测出球孢白僵菌，14 d时牛蒡苗根、茎、叶中球孢白僵菌定殖量达最大值，随后随着时间的延长定殖量逐渐降低;浸种处理组在出苗第7 天时即有球孢白僵菌定殖，随后定殖量下降，在第28天时定殖量又升高;牛蒡种子浸种72 h处理后种植，球孢白僵菌定殖效果优于浸种48 h处理，第28天时72 h浸种组牛蒡苗根、茎、叶中球孢白僵菌定殖量较48 h浸种组分别高 34.18%、51.79%和29.66%。

关键词 球孢白僵菌;牛蒡;苗期;定殖

中图分类号 S482.3 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0141-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.036

Abstract In order to clarify the colonization of Beauveria bassiana in the roots and stems of burdock seedling，soaking and root-irrigation methods were used to detect the colonization of Beauveria bassiana in the burdock seedlings.The result showed that Beauveria bassiana could be successfully colonized in the burdock seedlings，soaking method was better than root-irrigation.There was no Beauveria bassiana in seedling of burdock at the 7 d.The colonization amount of Beauveria bassiana at the 14 d was up to the highest level，and then，the Beauveria bassiana amount was decreased.In the soaking treatment group，Beauveria bassiana started to colonized in burdock seedling，then the colonization amount decreased，and then increased at 28 d.After soaking seeds of burdock for 72 h，the colonization effect was better than that of for 48 h.The colonization amount of Beauveria bassiana in the root，stem and leaf of burdock seedling of 72 h soaking treatment group were 34.18%，51.79% and 29.66% higher than that of 48 h soaking treatment group.

Key words Beauveria bassiana;Burdock;Seedling stage;Colonization

牛蒡（Arctium lappa）又名大力子、东洋参、东洋牛鞭菜等，属菊科2年生大型草本植物，是药菜兼用植物，具有较高的食用及保健价值[1-3]。研究显示，牛蒡叶提取物具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、降压、增高白血球及兴奋中枢神经系统等药理作用;牛蒡子提取物具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、神经保护、利尿、免疫调节、降血糖、降血脂及对热休克反应的抑制活性[4-9];牛蒡根提取物能明显降低高脂大鼠的总胆固醇及甘油三酯水平，升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平[10];牛蒡子和牛蒡根对治疗HIV也有一定的作用[11]。……