谢放 Uwitugabiye Vestine 夏樱霞 张亚军 常黎明

摘要：为了评价不同生长年限对人工栽培条件下宽叶羌活生物量和化学成分的影响，对甘肃主产区栽培的宽叶羌活进行调查采样，采挖2年生、3年生寬叶羌活鲜样，分别测定其根鲜重、根干重、主根长、主根粗等4个生物量指标，以及羌活醇、异欧前胡素、挥发油、浸出物、多糖、总灰分及酸不溶性灰分含量等。结果表明，3年生的根鲜重、根干重、主根长及主根粗较2年生均有所增长，且羌活总产量为2年生的2～3倍;3年生宽叶羌活单株有效成分总量大幅增加，主要有效成分相对含量多有下降，品质略差。

关键词：宽叶羌活;生长年限;生物量;化学成分

中图分类号：S567.239    文献标志码：A    文章编号：1001-1463（2021）05-0030-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.05.008

Study on Effects of Different Growth Years on Quality of Notopterygium forbesii

XIE Fang， Uwitugabiye Vestine， XIA Yingxia， ZHANG Yajun， CHANG Liming

（School of Chemical and Biological Engineering， Lanzhou Jiaotong University， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China）

Abstract：In order to evaluate the effects of different growth years on biomass and chemical composition of Notopterygium forbesii under artificial cultivation， the investigation and sampling of broad-leaf of Notopterygium forbesi in main producing areas of Gansu Province were carried out. The Notopterygium forbesii were cultivated for two years and three years， then the excavation of fresh Notopterygium forbesii of two years and three years were measured its root fresh weight， root dry weight， root length， root thick four biomass index， and notopterygium alcohol， isoimperatorin， volatile oil， extract， polysaccharide， total ash， and acid insoluble ash. The results showed that the root fresh weight， dry weight， taproot length and crude root of the three-year old increased compared with those of the two-year old， and the total yield of Notopterygium forbesii was 2～3 times of that in two years. The total content of active ingredients in the three year old Notopterygium forbesii was significantly increased， however the content of each active ingredient decreased and the quality was slightly worse.

Key words： Notopterygium forbesii;Growth year;Biomass;Chemical composition.

羌活（Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.Chang） 或宽叶羌活（Notopterygium franchetii H.de Boiss）是2015版《国家药典》收录的羌活药材的基源植物，以干燥根和根茎入药[1 ]，主要分布在青藏高原东缘的川西北、青海东部、甘肃南部、藏东南等高海拔山地[2 ]。现代研究表明，羌活药材主要含有羌活醇、异欧前胡素、蒎烯类、多糖类等活性成分，具有抗菌、抗病毒、防治心脑血管疾病等多种功效。近年来，野生羌活被大肆采挖，资源储备量大幅减少，而栽培羌活面积逐年扩大，已成为商品药材的重要供货源。

随着野生羌活的人工驯化及栽培推广逐步加快，如何提高栽培羌活的产量及品质成为学者关注的焦点。近些年，一些学者从羌活的适生区分析、农艺措施、水肥条件等对栽培羌活产量及品质影响等方面进行了大量研究[3 - 8 ]，而对羌活产量及化学成分的累积规律、生长年限对羌活产量和品质影响方面的报道较少。……