李亚林 杨天育

摘要：分析了灵台县小杂粮种植现状和存在的问题，提出了转变观念、统一规划布局、规范种植技术、加大扶持力度、延伸产业链条、注重品牌推介等发展建议。

关键词：小杂粮;生产现状;制约因素;发展建议;灵台县

中图分类号：F327        文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）05-0083-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.05.019

Composition and Influencing Factors of Flavor in Tomato Fruit

ZHANG Li 1， 2， HU Zhifeng 1， 2， SHAO Jingcheng 1， 2， GENG Xinjun 1， 2

（1. Institute of Vegetables， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China; 2. Northwest Vegetable Science Observation and Experimental Station， Ministry of Agriculture， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China）

Abstract：The flavor of tomatoes is determined by the volatile compounds formed during the ripening process of tomatoes， which to a certain extent determines the choice of consumers to buy tomatoes. The substances that determine the flavor of tomatoes undergo dynamic changes during the ripening process of tomatoes， from initial release to aroma enrichment to depletion， and are affected by many factors. In order to understand how to speed up the preparation period of aroma material synthesis， prolong the accumulation period of aroma material enrichment， and reduce the loss period of aroma material as far as possible， the key ways and key substances of tomato aroma material synthesis were expounded， so as to provide reference for the improvement of tomato flavor quality.

Key words：Tomato; Fruit flavor; Aroma; Aromatic substances; Biosynthetic pathway; Impact factors

小雜粮是小宗粮豆作物的俗称，泛指生育期短、种植面积小、地域性强、种植方式特殊、具有特种用途的多种粮豆[1 ]。近年来，随着经济社会的发展和人民群众生活理念的转变，粮食生产及消费机构正在发生重大变革，小杂粮因其独特的口感、风味和营养保健功能备受人们关注。小杂粮易储藏、抗逆性强、利于倒茬，与生态环境相适应强等特性，既可以作为填闲补种作物，又适宜于在生产条件较差的地带种植，也可以与小麦、玉米等大宗作物套种、混种、间作，以提高土地利用率，优化粮食产业结构，增加农民收入，是干旱半干旱地区具有市场潜力的秋作物，将在农业生产中呈现良好的发展态势。

1   灵台县自然条件

灵台县位于陇东黄土高原南缘，属黄土高原沟壑区，泾河与渭河之间，地势西北高、东南低。东南与陕西省长武、彬县、麟游、千阳、陇县接壤，西北与本省崇信、泾川县毗邻，海拔890～1 520 m，地处东经107° 00′～107° 57′，北纬34° 54′～35° 14′，属东七时区。县境内有一塬（什字塬）一山（南部山区）两道川（达溪河、黑河川区），全境东西长78 km，南北宽40 km，总流域面积2 038 km2，年平均气温8.6 ℃，降水量650 mm，日照总时数2 453 h，≥10 ℃活动积温在2 635～3 050 ℃，无霜期159 d，属陇东半湿润易旱雨养农业区[2 - 3 ]。……