金光哲 段科俊 王璐

摘要 恒压浇灌系统的管网压力具有非线性、大惯性、时变性，难以建立精确的数学模型。首先确定2种常见的模糊控制与PID控制的结合方式，分别为Fuzzy-PID复合控制与模糊自适应PID控制;然后，针对Fuzzy-PID复合控制设计一种模糊控制切换隶属函数，对模糊自适应PID建立模糊子集和模糊规则库;最后，在MATLAB软件中搭建恒压浇灌系统仿真框架，通过仿真试验结果对比不同控制方式的控制效果。仿真试验结果表明，Fuzzy-PID复合控制没有产生明显的超调现象，适用于无超调系统;模糊自适应PID调节时间短，但有明显的超调现象，适用于快速响应系统。

关键词 模糊PID;恒压浇灌;参数整定;MATLAB

中图分类号 S.274.2文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0206-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.056

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Research on Constant Pressure Irrigation System Based on Fuzzy PID Control

JIN Guangzhe， DUAN Kejun，WANG Lu

（Yuxi Agriculture VocationTechnical College，Yuxi，Yunnan 653106）

Abstract The pressure of the pipe network of the constant pressure irrigation system is nonlinear， large inertia， and timevarying， so it is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model. Firstly， two common methods of fuzzy control combined with PID control， which are FuzzyPID composite control and fuzzy adaptive PID control. Then， a fuzzy control switching membership function was designed for FuzzyPID composite control. The fuzzy subsets and fuzzy rule base were established. Finally， a simulation framework of constant pressure irrigation system was built by using MATLAB software， the control effects with different control methods were compared based on the simulation results. The simulation test results showed that FuzzyPID composite control had no obvious overshoot phenomenon，and it was suitable for systems without overshoot. Fuzzy adaptive PID had a short adjustment time，but it had obvious overshoot phenomenon and it was suitable for fast response systems.

Key words Fuzzy PID;Constant pressure irrigation;Parameter tuning;MATLAB

恒壓灌溉对于保护农田和节约水资源具有重大意义，也是浇灌系统的重要组成部分。在传统的农业浇灌中，有沟灌、漫灌、畦灌[1]等方式。传统浇灌方式过于依赖人工，且灌溉的土壤墒情难以把握，容易造成资源浪费;随着控制技术的发展，农业温室的灌溉方式也有了新的变化，现阶段有采用简单的微机控制进行农业灌溉，相比于传统的灌溉方式，微机灌溉能够节约人力成本，灌溉效率显著提升，但多数微机控制灌溉系统结构简单，难以保证管内压力恒定，造成设备和管网的反复破损[2]。因此，通过采用控制算法改进简单的微机控制灌溉方式，可以促进农业灌溉技术向自动化、智能化、精细化方向发展。

在农业灌溉领域已经有很多学者通过改进控制算法来实现节水灌溉，有常规的PID控制灌溉、灰色预测控制灌溉、Fuzzy控制灌溉、PSO优化智能灌溉等。……