郝红英 田恒运 赵功明 周艳玲 任凯文

摘要 [目的]优化超声波辅助提取新郑枣叶中总黄酮的工艺，为工业化生产中从枣叶提取黄酮提供参考。[方法]在预试验的基础上，通过响应面法优化超声波辅助提取总黄酮的工艺。[结果]总黄酮的最佳提取条件如下：脱脂枣叶粉末2.0 g，乙醇浓度30.00% 、料液比1∶15、提取温度40 ℃、提取时间35 min。在此条件下，新郑枣叶中总黄酮提取率为6.55%。[结论]该工艺提取效率高，操作简便，是一种具有发展前景的提取方法。

关键词 新郑枣叶;黄酮;响应面法;超声波辅助提取

中图分类号 R284.2文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0179-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.048

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on the Technology of Extracting Total Flavonoids from the Leaves of Xinzheng Jujube by Response Surface Methodology Assisted with Ultrasonic Extraction

HAO Hongying，TIAN Hengyun，ZHAO Gongming et al （Medical School，Huanghe Science and Technology College，Zhengzhou，Henan 450063）

Abstract [Objective] To optimize the extracting technology of total flavonoids with ultrasonic technology from Xinzheng Jujube leaves and provide certain references for extracting flavonoids from jujube leaves in industrial production.[Method] On the basis of preliminary experiment，the extraction technology of total flavonoids assisted with ultrasonic technology was optimized by response surface methodology.[Result] The optimum conditions of extracting total flavonoids from Xinzheng Jujube leaves were as follows： defatted jujube leaf powder 2.0 g，ethanol concentration 30.00%，materialliquid ratio of 1∶15，extraction temperature 40 ℃，and extraction time 35 min.Under these conditions，the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Xinzheng Jujube leaves was 6.55%.[Conclusion] The technology had high extraction efficiency，simple operation，and it was an extraction method with good development prospect.

Key words Xinzheng Jujube leaves;Flavonoids;Response surface methodology;Ultrasonic assisted extraction

棗树的叶、花、果、皮、根及刺皆可入药[1]。枣叶成分复杂，主要含有黄酮类、皂苷类及甜味抑制剂等。大部分药理学研究表明，黄酮类化合物具有保护心脑血管、利胆保肝、清除自由基、抗氧化、抗癌、抗菌、抗病毒等药理作用[2-3]。新郑大枣历史悠久，随着新郑枣产业的飞速发展，已开发出品种繁多的以枣为原料的制品，但尚未针对枣叶进行有效的开发利用，未能合理利用，使得枣叶这一珍贵资源被严重浪费。在经济新常态下，国家在农业方面发展的要求如下：将大力推行绿色、循环、生态农业;要加快建立农业废弃物资源再利用和有机肥的激励机制，运用变废为宝的思想，使宝贵的农业资源能持续利用。为此，笔者积极研究枣叶的开发应用，充分利用农业废弃物资源，变废为宝，同时来满足人们对天然产物的需求，改善新郑大枣的生态环境。……