李巍 张雅琴

摘要 分析研究旅游開发居民满意度及其影响因素有利于制定旅游发展政策，更好地发展高寒民族地区的社会经济。以郎木村4个社区为案列研究区，选用旅游开发的居民满意度模型，通过问卷分析法获取实验数据，运用结构方程模型对案例地旅游社区居民满意度进行评价研究，定量分析旅游开发背景下高寒民族旅游社区居民实际生活与愿景间的差距。结果表明：①旅游开发居民满意度模型适用于高寒民族旅游社区，且模型拟合程度高。②旅游获益和利益分配是影响居民满意度的关键因素，旅游获益及利益分配和正面旅游影响感知均对居民满意度产生直接的正向积极影响。③旅游获益和利益分配对负面旅游影响感知的影响呈现极为显著的正相关关系，旅游获益和利益分配对正面旅游影响感知的影响呈现负相关关系，这一结论呈现显著的地域差异性。④藏族居民满意度最高，其次为回族，汉族居民满意度最低;通过对案例地的分析，居住时长这一因素对居民满意度产生的影响很小;吉科河、卡哇、仁贡玛和加科社区居民满意度呈递减趋势。

关键词 高寒民族地区;旅游社区;居民满意度;旅游开发居民满意度模型（RSTD）;郎木寺镇

中图分类号 F304.1文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0115-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.031

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Research on Residents Satisfaction and Influencing Factors of Rural Tourism Communities in Alpine Ethnic Areas—Taking Langmusi Town in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an Example

LI Wei，ZHANG Yaqin （College of Geography and Environmental Science，Northwest Normal University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730070）

Abstract The analysis of residents satisfaction with tourism development and its influencing factors is conducive to the formulation of tourism development policies and the better development of the social economy in the alpine ethnic areas. Taking four communities in Langmu Village as the study area， the tourism development and residents satisfaction of model， using the structural equation model to case study to evaluate the tourism community residents satisfaction， quantitative analysis of tourism development under the background of alpine national tourism community residents of the gap between the actual and vision. The results show that ：①RSTD is suitable for alpine ethnic tourism communities， and the model fits well. ②Tourism benefits and benefit distribution and positive tourism impact perception have a direct positive impact on residents satisfaction. Among the five factors， tourism benefit and benefit distribution are the key factors affecting residents satisfaction. ③Tourism benefits and benefit distribution have a significantly positive correlation with the perception of negative tourism impacts， while tourism benefits and benefit distribution have a significantly negative correlation with the perception of positive tourism impacts. This conclusion presents significant regional differences. ④Tibetan residents have the highest satisfaction， followed by Hui， and Han residents have the lowest satisfaction;through the analysis of the case， the factor of residence time has little influence on the residents satisfaction;there is a decreasing trend of residents satisfaction in Jike River，Kawa，Rengongma and Gaco communities.

Key words Alpine ethnic areas;Tourism community;Residents satisfaction;RSTD;Langmusi Town

藏区的发展一直以来受自然环境和人文因素的影响，这一区域具有海拔高，气候多变，居民以藏族为主，种养殖类型简单，居民经济来源单一的特征，多因素造就这一区域多贫困，易返贫[1]。……