兰亦全 吴小芳

摘要 为明确200 g/L草铵膦水剂对蔬菜田主要杂草的防效，采用茎叶喷雾法进行田间药效试验。结果表明，200 g/L草铵膦水剂3 750、4 500、5 250 mL/hm2处理药后15 和30 d对蔬菜田马唐、小飞蓬、牛筋草和马齿苋4种杂草的防效均在90%以上，各处理药后15 d的防效与200 g/L百草枯水剂4 500 mL/hm2处理的防效差异不显著，但药后30 d的防效显著高于百草枯。200 g/L草铵膦水剂可有效防除蔬菜田马唐、小飞蓬、牛筋草和马齿苋，持效期达30 d以上。

关键词 草铵膦;蔬菜田;杂草;防效

中图分类号 S451.2文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0123-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.033

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Control Effect of Glufosinateammonium against Four Kinds of Weeds in Vegetable Fields

LAN Yiquan，WU Xiaofang

（College of Plant Protection，Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University，Fuzhou，Fujian 350002）

Abstract The field efficacy trials were carried out by the foliage spraying method to determine the control effect of 200 g/L glufosinateammonium AS against main weeds in vegetable fields. At the 15th and 30th day after application， the control effect of 200 g/L glufosinateammonium AS against four kinds of weeds（Digitaria sanguinalis， Comnyza Canadensis， Eleusine indica and Portulaca oleracea）was more than 90% at the dosage of 3 750， 4 500 and 5 250 mL/hm2， respectively. There was no significant difference in the control effect between 200 g/L glufosinateammonium AS and 200 g/L paraquat AS at the 15th day after application. The control effect of glufosinateammonium was significantly higher than that of paraquat at the 30th day after application. Glufosinateammonium can effectively control Digitaria sanguinalis， Comnyza Canadensis， Eleusine indica and Portulaca oleracea in vegetable fields for more than 30 days.

Key words Glufosinateammonium;Vegetable field;Weed;Control effect

蔬菜是人們日常饮食中必不可少的食物之一，可提供人体所需的多种维生素和矿物质等营养物质，因此蔬菜的种植和供应对于国民健康的保障具有重要意义。但在蔬菜田间种植中往往伴随着杂草的发生和危害。蔬菜田杂草的滋生不仅可与蔬菜竞争水、肥、光能，增加管理用工和生产成本，而且有些杂草还是病虫害的中间寄主，严重影响蔬菜的产量和品质。

化学除草因具有高效、快速、经济等优点，已成为农业现代化及农业高产、稳产的一项先进技术。

草铵膦是德国赫斯特公司于20世纪80年代开发的一种有机磷类灭生性触杀型的茎叶处理剂，具有除草活性高、毒性低、环境兼容性好等特点[1]，可用于果园、葡萄园、非耕地等防除一年生和多年生双子叶及单子叶杂草[2]。该药剂是谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂，可导致植物体内氮代谢紊乱，铵过量积累，从而引起叶绿体解体、光合作用受到抑制，最终导致植物死亡[3-4]。……