董运来 王艳华

摘要 易地扶贫搬迁是我国新时期“五个一批”精准扶贫工程的重要组成部分。“十三五”时期，全国已经完成了对生存在“一方水土养不起一方人”地区的约1 000万建档立卡贫困人口的搬迁安置工作。通过实施易地扶贫搬迁，迁出地生态环境逐步好转，搬迁群众的生产生活条件得到改善。经过系统梳理和回顾，现有的文献研究主要集中于易地扶贫搬迁的理论、发展演变和影响因素;搬迁农户的搬迁意愿、识别问题及搬迁后农户的生计问题;搬迁政策的效果評价、政策执行、困境及对策等方面。今后一段时期的研究，还应聚焦于如何有效对接乡村振兴战略，提升边缘农户的生计水平以及持续推进生态宜居搬迁等方面。

关键词 易地扶贫搬迁;政策;文献综述

中图分类号 F320.1  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）02-0008-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.02.003

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

The Implementation and Evaluation of Chinas Poverty Alleviation by Relocation in the New Era

DONG Yunlai1，WANG Yanhua2

（1.College of International Business， Shenyang Normal University， Shenyang，Liaoning 110034;2.China International Engineering Consulting Co.， Ltd， Beijing 100048）

Abstract Poverty alleviation by relocation is an important part of the “five batches” targeted poverty alleviation project in the new era.in China. During the 13th FiveYear Plan period， China have completed the relocation of about 10 million poverty card people from inhospitable areas. Through the implementation of poverty alleviation by relocation， the ecological environment of the relocated areas has gradually improved， and the living and production conditions of the relocated people have been improved. After systematic review， the existing literatures mainly focused on the theory， evolution and influencing factors of the poverty alleviation by relocation; the relocation willingness， identification and livelihood of the relocated households; the effect evaluation， policy implementation， dilemmas and countermeasures of the relocation policy. Future studies should also be focused on how to effectively link rural revitalization strategies， improve the livelihood of marginal farmers and continue to promote ecological livability relocation.

Key words Poverty alleviation by relocation;Policy;Literature review

截至目前，“十三五”时期我国易地扶贫搬迁的建设任务已经全部完成， 1 000万个建档立卡贫困户和600多万同步搬迁户基本实现全部入住。有关产业发展、就业帮扶、社区治理和不动产登记等专项政策陆续出台实施，易地扶贫搬迁后续扶持政策体系逐步形成。

我国实施的大规模易地扶贫搬迁建设任务主要是在2016年之后，相比于其他扶贫政策起步较晚，因此有关的文献研究相对较少，直到近年来才逐渐成为学术界的热点。经过系统梳理和回顾，政治学、经济学、管理学、人类学、社会学等诸多学科领域均有关注。已有研究主要集中在易地扶贫搬迁的理论、发展历程和影响因素;搬迁农户的搬迁意愿、识别问题及搬迁后农户的生计问题;搬迁政策的困境、执行、效果评价及对策等维度。……