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论如何选择正确的中国城市化道路

2021-06-16郝佳欣

郝佳欣

Discussion on How to Choose the Right Way of Urbanization in China

HAO Jia-xin

(Jinan University, Zhuhai 519070, China)

【摘  要】改革开放之后,我国全方位发展,综合国力显著增强,人民生活水平显著提高,充分显示了我国的制度优势。但是近几年,随着城市化进程加快,也随之显现出亟待解决的问题。论文基于对我国城市化发展进程的研究,结合我国实际国情,分析稳健的城市化道路对我国城市化发展的益处,从而避免陷入中等收入陷阱,稳步迈向发达国家行列。

【Abstract】After the reform and opening up, China has developed in all directions, with the comprehensive national strength significantly enhanced, and the living standard of the people has been significantly improved, which fully shows the institutional advantages of our country. But in recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the problems that need to be solved also emerges with it. Based on the research of the urbanization development process in China, combined with the actual situation of our country, this paper analyzes the benefits of a steady urbanization way for the development of China's urbanization, thus avoiding falling into the middle-income trap and steadily moving into the ranks of developed countries.

【关键词】城市化;社会转型;产业升级;中等收入陷阱

【Keywords】urbanization; social transformation; industrial upgrading; middle-income trap

【中图分类号】F299.2                                             【文献标志码】A                                                 【文章编号】1673-1069(2021)05-0144-02

1 引言

城市化是指农村人口向城市转移的过程,是中国改革与发展的关键词,它一头与土地制度和户籍制度相连,另一头与经济转型和就业相连。纵观历史,现代化源于欧洲工业革命的兴起带动了全世界范围内的城市化。根据世界银行发布的数据显示,2017年,发达国家城市化水平普遍达到80%~90%,城市化水平最高的日本达到了93.02%,发展中国家则在50%左右。国家统计局2018年发布的数据显示,中国城市化率是58.52%,较之改革开放时19.2%的城市化率,这40年有着高速的进步。若是想要继续保持城市化水平的不断增长,就须在结合中国实际的基础上实施正确的战略。

2 中国城市化的发展概述

我国城市化发展的进程以改革开放为分界点,分为两个阶段:第一阶段,新中国成立后至改革开放,城市化发展缓慢且曲折。30年间,我国在城市和农村推行了统购统销制度、人民公社制度、户籍制度以及单位制,严重影响中国城市化发展[1]。……

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