云南地方应用型高校生态学课程教学改革探索
2021-06-15张翠萍周元清陈祯李淑英刘淑娟
张翠萍 周元清 陈祯 李淑英 刘淑娟
摘 要:生態学是生物科学、环境科学及其相关专业的主干课程之一,教育创新与生态文明的新时代下,优化课程教学,增加现代元素,对提高学生的生态素养与生态思维具有重要意义。为此,针对云南地方应用型高校生态学教学存在的问题,文章以玉溪师范学院为例,从教学内容筛选、教学方式改进、实践教学加强以及考评制度优化等四个方面进行了初步探讨。提出了以应用型人才培养方案为指导,通过不断完善教学大纲,教学内容筛选凸出地域特色,采用多元化教学方式,注重生态学实践技能培养,增加过程性考核比重的改革策略,全方位融入生态学课程思政,旨在为西部地方应用型高校生态学人才培养提供理论依据。
关键词:地方应用型高校;生态学课程教学;教学内容;教学方式;教学评价
中图分类号:G642 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)10-0123-04
Abstract: Ecology is one of the main courses of biological science, environmental science and related majors. Under the new era of educational innovation and ecological civilization, optimizing course teaching and adding modern elements are of great significance to improve students' ecological literacy and ecological thinking. Therefore, in view of the existing problems in ecology teaching in Yunnan local application-oriented universities, this paper takes Yuxi Normal University as an example to discuss the selection of teaching contents, the improvement of teaching methods, the strengthening of practical teaching and the optimization of evaluation system. This paper puts forward the guidance of application-oriented talent training scheme, through constantly improving the teaching outline and teaching content, screening out the prominent regional characteristics. At the same time, we should adopt diversified teaching methods, strengthen the cultivation of ecological practical skills, increase the proportion of process assessment, and integrate the curriculum ideology and politics into the ecology curriculum in an all-round way. Its aim is to provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of ecological talents in local applied universities in western China.
Keywords: local applied universities; ecology course teaching; teaching content; teaching method; teaching evaluation
引言
生态学是一门研究生物与环境之间相互关系的科学[1],也被称为“管理自然的经济学”。21世纪后,全球气候变化、生态破化、环境污染、区域生态安全以及生物多样性等生态环境问题日益严峻,生态学一跃成为了全面问诊和解决人类在内的所有生物生存问题的学科体系。生态学自1979年成为独立学科到2011年“独立门户”为一级学科以来,短短40年就取得了瞩目的成绩。高校教育向应用型转型的新时代背景下,高校生态学教学应该与时俱进,但部分高校生态学课程教学仍沿用传统的“填鸭式”教学模式,对如何灵活运用生态学原理解决实际问题的能力培养重视不足,难以满足国家对生态技术型、生态管理型人才的需求[2,3]。……
