杨文萃 赵慧 钟晓阳 赵启凡 蔡小平

摘  要：为应对新冠疫情导致的学生无法到校学习的问题，很多课程转向了线上教学。文章调研了哈尔滨工业大学道路桥梁与渡河工程专业大二学生对线上学习的看法;总结了学生线上学习时存在的主要困难;相比于理论课程教学，专业类实验课程线上教学面临着更多的困难与挑战，基于《水泥混凝土配合比设计试验》课程线上教学经验，总结了多项实验课线上教学对策。研究结果为后续可能的持续抗疫工作做好准备，同时对未来线上线下混合式实验教学提供参考。

关键词：专业类实验课;线上教学;困难与挑战;对策

中图分类号：G642       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）11-0051-05

Abstract： To response the students' absence at schools due to the COVID-19 pandemic， many courses had turned to online courses. In this paper， the opinion of students， who are sophomore in the major of Road Bridge and River Crossing Project at Harbin Institute of Technology， on the online learning， was investigated. The difficulties of learning online for students were summarized. Compared with theoretical courses， professional experimental courses or lab teaching faced more challenges and difficulties. Based on the online teaching experience of "Mixture design of cement concrete"， some measures for experimental online courses are given. The results could be not only a preparation for the possible fighting to COVID-19 in coming days， but also a reference for the online-offline mixing teaching of experimental courses in future.

Keywords： professional experimental courses; online teaching; difficulty and challenge; measures

2020年对于各行各业都是特殊的一年，对教育行业更是如此。面对突如其来的新冠疫情，教育部提出“停课不停学”的号召，很多学校开始转变教学模式与方法，大量课程不得不从线下课堂教学转向线上教学。线上教学是一种基于互联网远程教学平台，利用网络教学管理工具，模拟师生面授课堂，并试图突破传统课堂时空局限的异地教学方式[1]，与传统线下教学存在着诸多差异。同时由于时间紧迫，教师与学生都需要在短时间内快速适应线上教学。很多学校和教师都积极探索，逐渐适应，获得了线上教学的很多经验与有效做法[2-6]。根据疫情的防控情况，哈尔滨工业大学在2020春季学期课程全部采用线上教学，学生居家学习。相比于理论课程教学，专业类实验课程线上教学面对了更多的困难与挑战。……