施安琪

摘  要：材料不仅是幼儿美术教育活动的物质基础，更是幼儿感知艺术活动的“途径和通道”之一。优质的幼儿美术教育，会从常见的美术材料入手，激发和促进幼儿的感知能力发展，使其通过物质材料这个“通道”，学会发现、探索身边美的事物，尝试表达自我感知经验的方法，促进个体在感官、情感、创造、表达等方面的发展。然而现阶段，幼儿园的美术教育活动还存在“物质材料”方面的诸多问题，例如，对物质材料的认知角度，探索材料的具体方法，探索材料的真正价值和意义、物质材料与幼儿个体感知发展关系等。本文从艺术实践出发，思考和探索物质材料与幼儿感知发展的关系和方法。

关键词：感知;能力;物质材料;方法和途径

【中图分类号】G614      【文献标识码】A       【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）06-0072-02

Using material to promote the development of children's perception ability

——Take children's art teaching as an example

SHI Anqi  （Xinyuan kindergarten，Huaqiao International Business City，Kunshan，Jiangsu Province，china）

【Abstract】Materials are not only the material basis of children's art education activities，but also one of the "ways and channels" for children to perceive art activities. High quality children's art education will start with common art materials，stimulate and promote the development of children's perception ability，make them learn to discover and explore the beautiful things around them through the "channel" of material materials，try to express the method of self perception experience，and promote the development of individual in sense，emotion，creation，expression and so on. However，at this stage，there are still many problems about "material" in kindergarten art education activities，such as the cognitive perspective of material，the specific method of exploring material，the real value and significance of material，the relationship between material and children's individual perception development，etc. Starting from art practice，this paper explores the relationship and method between material and children's perceptual development.

【Keywords】Perception;Ability;Material;Method and approach

促進幼儿的感知能力，是教育家们共同探索的课题。迄今为止，从物质材料入手探索物质与幼儿感知发展的研究，很难找到可参考的文献。由于“研究角度的缺失”，会导致完整幼儿美术教育架构的缺失。那么该如何通过材料促进幼儿感知能力，并使幼儿各种相关能力得到发展呢？

1.将物质材料与感官建立联系

成人获得新知识经验的过程与幼儿没有差别，一定是从感知开始。而感知经验的获得，必定与眼、口、鼻、耳、手多个感官有密切的联系。个体感知新事物的过程中，如果能做到多种感官参与活动过程，那么个体在感知阶段必达到了多样统一的极致状态。然而大多数幼儿不具备有目的地将材料与感官建立联系的能力，因此需要教师帮助幼儿将物质与感官建立联系，以便引导幼儿充分利用不同感官，获得丰富的感知经验。……