李丹

摘要：高校思想政治教育应对重大突发公共事件，面临着“核心与多元”“真相与谣言”“显性与隐性”“突发与常态”等现实境遇的交织与叠加。在应对重大突发公共事件的过程中，高校思想政治教育应发挥好强大的意识形态“软实力”作用，找准功能定位，重点在稳定、培育、导向和凝聚四个方向上着力;并运用自身优势，通过 “育”“导”“化”三种实施策略，分别在重大突发公共事件前置期、应急处置期和修复期精准发力，构建高校思想政治教育危机管理体系，真正实现“化危为机”，维护校园和社会长治久安。

关键词：高校思想政治教育;重大突发公共事件;功能定位;实施策略

中图分类号：G641

文献标识码：A文章编号：1674-7615（2021）02-0023-08

DOI：10.15958/j.cnki.jywhlt.2021.02.004

The Ideological and Political Education in Universities to Deal with the functional positioning and Implementation strategy of Major Public Emergency

Li Dan

（Shanghai Polytechnic University， Shanghai， 201209， China）

Abstract：

The ideological and political education of colleges and universities in response to major public emergencies is facing the intertwining and superimposing of realistic situations such as "unity and pluralism"， "truth and rumors"， "explicit and recessive"， "emergency and normality" and so on. In the process of responding to major public emergencies， ideological and political education in colleges and universities should play a strong role of ideological "soft power"， pinpoint functional positioning， and focus on the four directions of stability， cultivation， guidance， and cohesion. Utilizing its own advantages， through the three implementation strategies of "education"， "guide"， and "enlightenment"， it is able to accurately exert its power in the lead-up period， emergency response period， and repair period of major public emergencies to build a crisis management system for ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Realize “turning crisis into opportunity” and maintaining long-term security of campus and society.

Key words：

the ideological and political education in universities，major public emergency，realistic situation， functional positioning，implementation strategy

2003年“非典”、2008年汶川大地震、2020年初新冠肺炎疫情……進入21世纪，在转型风险和全球风险叠加之下，重大突发公共事件频发，给国家治理和社会长治久安带来了极大挑战。2007年《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》对突发事件概念进行了定义：“突发事件，是指突然发生，造成或者可能造成严重危害，需要釆取应急处置措施予以应对的自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件和社会安全事件。”[1]重大突发公共事件指的是一种具有严重威胁和不确定的情境，对一个社会系统的基本价值和行为准则架构产生严重威胁，要求决策者在有限时间、有限信息、资源缺乏和不确定性极高的情况下，作出紧急决策和快速响应。重大突发公共事件通常也称公共危机。不确定性、威胁性、紧迫性、传播性是重大突发公共事件的明显特征[2]10。