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美军社会化保障对我军的启示

2021-05-05郭子龙顾因

物流科技 2021年9期

郭子龙 顾因

摘  要:美军后勤社会化保障建设方面领先于世界各国军队,尤其在军事物流运用方面,依托民用企业成熟的技术支撑,大力发展运输装备升级改造,有效地弥补了美军战略投送力量不足的短板。同时美国政府颁布新政,精简非战斗军事机构,推动国内后备役人才资源发展,利用民用物流解决全球战略性物资投送的问题。我军在海上军交运输保障方面还落后于西方国家,通过分析美国民用物流在军事行动中的运用,借鉴美军海上信息化物资投送经验,找出有利于我军海上运输投送军民融合式发展新思路。

关键词:军交运输;社会化保障;军用物流;军民融合

中图分类号:E246    文献标识码:A

Abstract: The military delivery usage of USA force has leading the world for the support of civilian enterprise in the logistic area, relying on the mature technical, vigorously upgrade and transform transport equipment, which effectively make up for the shortage of US military strategic delivery force. At the meantime, the US government promulgated a new policy to streamline non-combat military institutions, promote the development of internal reserved human resources, and use civilian delivery resource to solve the problem of global material delivery. PLA still has a long way to cover in according with the western countries in maritime military transport support area, through the analysis of the usage from US civilian delivery in military operations to learn from the US military maritime information material delivery experience, to find out is conducive to our military maritime transport delivery military-civilian integration development of new ideas.

Key words: military transportation; socialization support; military delivery; civil-military coordination

随着新军事革命的不断深入,各国军队后勤保障的社会化程度正在不断提高,逐步渗透到军事物流、军需采购、仓储配送、装备研发等各个领域。美军在这方面起步较早,现今保障社会化已成为美军后勤保障的重要措施,其后勤保障社会化水平位居各国前列。

1  美军社会化保障发展道路

海湾战争中,美军80%的后勤技术保障人员是征召的预备役人员;34家地方航空公司提供了各种飞机115架,运送货物和人员占美军全部空运货物的22%和空运人员的69%。美国在海上调用后备役船只64艘,租用商船213艘,运送的作战物资占全部输送量的34%。美军之所以拥有强大的后备力量,是因为美国政府在20世纪30年代,就已经开始布局军民融合式发展道路。

1.1  走军地协作的道路,充分利用企业和民用技术进行军事物流装备的研制生产

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