韩义磊 韩印 胡荣

摘  要：信号交叉口作为城市道路网络中的关键节点，其所能提供的服务水平往往决定着整个路网的流畅程度。文章以大庆市中央南大街—龙十路交叉口为实例，通过调查该交叉口的交通组织情况以及晚高峰时段的交通量和信号配时等数据，利用VISSIM仿真软件对该交叉口进行建模仿真。根据运行仿真得到的结果对交叉口现状存在的问题进行分析。然后从车道功能划分和信号配时两方面提出对该交叉口的交通组织优化设计方案，再次进行建模仿真，并将仿真后的结果与现状对比分析。结果表明：优化后的方案在车辆平均延误、平均排队长度和最大排队长度方面均大幅减少，交叉口的整体服务水平等级从E提升到C，交叉口的运行状况得到了大幅度的改善，论证了交通组织优化设计方案的可行性。

关键词：交叉口延误;交通调查;信号配时;交通仿真;排队长度

中图分类号：F570    文献标识码：A

Abstract： As a key node in the urban road network， signalized intersection's service level often determines the fluency of the entire road network. This paper takes the intersection of Zhongyang south street-Longshi road in Daqing city as an example， through investigating the traffic organization of the intersection and the data of traffic volume and signal timing in the evening rush hour， and uses VISSIM simulation software to model and simulate the intersection. According to the results of operation simulation， the existing problems of the current intersection are analyzed. Then from the lane function division and signal timing two aspects of the intersection traffic organization optimization design scheme， modeling and simulation again， and the simulation results are compared with the current situation. The results show that the optimized scheme greatly reduces the average delay of vehicles， the average queuing length and the maximum queuing length， the overall service level of the intersection is upgraded from E to C， and the operation condition of the intersection is greatly improved， which proves the feasibility of the traffic organization optimization design scheme.

Key words： delays at intersections;traffic survey;signal timing;traffic simulation;queue length

0  引  言

在城市道路網络中，节点形态最常见的是采用信号器来控制的平面交叉口，其承担了城市各种交通流的集散压力，极大程度上影响着城市交通的运行状态[1]。信号交叉口虽能提升通行安全，但却大大降低了通行能力，使得车辆在交叉口的延误增加。如何在保证安全的前提下，提高信号交叉口的通行效率，国内外学者已经进行了大量的研究。

在交叉口信号控制方面：陈丹丹等针对四相位的交叉口设计了两级模拟控制器，运用MATLAB对模拟控制器进行仿真，结果表明模糊智能控制对红绿灯的实时控制优于定时控制，起到了改善交叉口交通拥堵的作用[2]。……