刘鑫源 张云川

摘  要：在“互联网+”模式的促进下，小型宠物的电子商务快速发展，小型宠物运输需求增长迅猛，但我国目前缺少小型宠物运输规范，在运输过程中存在较高致死风险，小型宠物电子商务发展受到制约。对小型宠物在运输过程中致死相关因素有基本、清晰的认识，是建立小型宠物运输规范、有效降低小型宠物运输过程中致死风险、改善小型宠物运输服务环境的必要前提。文章从小型宠物运输本身特点出发，综合分析了运输中小型宠物致死的相关特征，并通过聚类分析法对运输中导致小型宠物致死关键因素进行分析，得到装载工具不完善和运输服务人员素质差是关键因素，可为建立小型宠物运输规范、降低小型宠物运输过程中致死风险、改善小型宠物运输服务环境提供理论基础。

关键词：电商物流;宠物运输;运输风险;聚类分析法

中图分类号：F252.8    文献标识码：A

Abstract： Under the promotion of the“Internet+”model， the e-commerce of small pets has developed rapidly， and the demand for small pet transportation has grown rapidly. However， my country currently lacks small pet transportation regulations， and there is a high risk of death in the transportation process. The development of small pet e-commerce has been affected constraints. A basic and clear understanding of the death-related factors of small pets in the transportation process is a necessary prerequisite for establishing small pet transportation regulations， effectively reducing the risk of death during the transportation of small pets， and improving the service environment for small pet transportation. Starting from the characteristics of small pet transportation， this article comprehensively analyzes the relevant characteristics of the death of small and medium pets in transportation， and analyzes the key factors that cause the death of small pets in transportation through cluster analysis， and finds that the loading tools are not perfect and the quality of transportation service personnel is poor. It is a key factor that can provide a theoretical basis for establishing small pet transportation regulations， reducing the risk of death during the transportation of small pets， and improving the service environment for small pet transportation.

Key words： e-commerce logistics; pet transportation; transportation risk; cluster analysis

据《2019中国宠物行业白皮书》统计，2000年至2019年，中国宠物拥有量迅速增加。截至2019年8月，我国保有宠物数量已超过2亿只，并且年增长率在8%以上，宠物种类也日渐丰富。其中小型宠物主要以小体型哺乳动物为主，包括蛇、兩栖类等小体型动物。其因外形娇小可爱，受到女性和小孩子的喜爱，与一般猫狗类宠物相比，其在饲养成本方面具有优势。在“互联网+”模式的支持下，小型宠物市场经济更加如虎添翼，促使小型宠物运输需求快速增长。传统的宠物运输服务并不能完全解决小型宠物运输问题，因此无法满足小型宠物运输的市场需求，所带来的问题也日益凸显。……