摘要 供销合作社是为农服务的合作经济组织，是党和政府做好“三农”工作的重要载体。基于结构功能主义，将供销社系统分解为几个子系统从而明晰供销社的结构和功能。研究表明：供销社系统可以分为经济、政治、社会3个子系统，且都有相应的组织结构来实现其功能，统一于供销社为农服务的目的之中。我国供销社结构功能变化的历程也是我国政府改革的历程，这个过程受到政府、市场、社会的相互作用。农村发展和农业生产的需要构成供销社结构和功能调整的主要动力。

关键词 供销社;组织结构;功能

中图分类号 F306文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）07-0260-04

Abstract Supply and marketing cooperative is a cooperative economic organization serving for agriculture， and it is an important carrier for the Party and the government to do the “three agriculture” work well. Based on structural functionalism， this paper divides the supply and marketing cooperative system into several subsystems so as to clarify the structure and function of supply and marketing cooperative. The research shows that the supply and marketing cooperative system can be divided into economic， political and social subsystems， and all of them have corresponding organizational structures to realize their functions， which are unified in the purpose of providing services for farmers.The course of structural function change of supply and marketing cooperatives in China is also the course of government reform in China， which is influenced by the interaction of government， market and society. Rural development and the needs of agricultural production constitute the main driving force for the structural and functional adjustment of supply and marketing cooperatives.

Key words Supply and marketing cooperatives;Organizational structure;Function

作者简介 卢钇名（1997—），男，浙江台州人，硕士研究生，研究方向：地方治理。

供销合作社改革是我国走向市场经济、激发农村经济活力的重要组成部分[1]。自家庭联产承包制在农村全面推广以来，农村经济体制改革带动了供销合作社的改革。供销社逐渐由计划经济运营转向市场化运营其功能定位亦发生变化。

对于供销社的研究，国内学者已经取得了一定的成果，对供销社在农村活动中的作用和产权归属有较深的研究。计划经济时代以国营网点为基础的农村流通体制迅速瓦解，在市場化的过程中出现了个体户、供销社等多个经营主体。农村商品流通存在设点不合理、低级竞争等现象，需要加强顶层设计，整合各种资源，构建新型农村流通网络[2]。在当前我国农业生产小农业、大流通的特点下，农村供销社体系的分布之广是其他农村商贸流通主体所不能比拟的，并且供销社拥有网络、资金、政治、品牌形象等优势[3]。……