腐霉利在韭菜中残留现状分析及风险评估
2021-04-29黄晓春



摘要 [目的]评估生产基地韭菜中农药腐霉利的残留情况及居民膳食暴露风险。[方法]采用QuEChERS法提取、气相色谱法分析技术,测定2019年韭菜中腐霉利的残留量;采用食品安全指数法进行风险评估;根据食品中农药最大残留限量判断腐霉利残留量是否超标。[结果]172个韭菜样品中有53个样品腐霉利残留量有检出且超标,检出率和超标率均为30.81%,残留最大值14.70 mg/kg,平均值为3.70 mg/kg。腐霉利在韭菜上的食品安全指数(IFS)为0.000 247~0.019 255,平均值为0.002 850,均远小于1,对人体健康无影响。[结论]该研究为指导腐霉利的科学应用提供依据。
关键词 韭菜;农药残留;气相色谱法;食品安全指数;风险评估
中图分类号 TS207.5.+3文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)07-0188-03
Abstract [Objective]To assess the residue status of the pesticide pythromycin in leek in production bases and the risk of dietary exposure of residents. [Method]QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography analysis techniques were used to determine the residual content of procymidone in leek in 2019.The food safety index method was used for risk assessment;the maximum residue limit of pesticides in food was used to judge whether the procymidone residue exceeds the standard.[Result]Among the 172 leek samples, 53 samples of procymidone residues were detected, the maximum residual value was 14.70 mg/kg, the average value was 3.70 mg/kg, and the detection rate and excess rate were 3081%. The safety index (IFS) of procymidone in leek was 0.000 247-0.019 255, and the average value of the safety index was 0.002 850, which was far less than 1 and had no effect on human health.[Conclusion]This research provides a basis for guiding the scientific application of procymidone.
Key words Leek;Pesticide residues;Gas chromatography;Food safety index;Risk assessment
作者简介 黄晓春(1965—),男,河北卢龙人,研究员,硕士,从事农产品质量检验检测工作。
腐霉利( procymidone)是具有保护和治疗的双重作用的内吸性、低毒杀菌剂,化学成分为N-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1,2-二甲基环丙烷-1,2-二羰基亚胺。腐霉利主要是抑制菌體内甘油三酯的合成,对葡萄孢属和核盘菌属真菌有特效,可防治蔬菜、果树等植物的灰霉病、菌核病[1]、黑星病等病害。而韭菜主要病害较多,有灰霉病、疫病、菌核病、软腐病等病害[2],因此,腐霉利广泛应用于韭菜病害的防治。但是,从各地主管部门发布的食品安全报告来看,腐霉利在韭菜中残留超标是农产品质量安全的主要问题。为此,笔者采用QuEChERS法提取、气相色谱法分析,对腐霉利在韭菜中残留量进行年度跟踪定量检测,并运用农产品中农药残留最大限量(MRL)评判其超标情况,运用食品安全指数(IFS)确定其风险程度,为评估蔬菜生产基地上的韭菜质量安全状况、指导农户在韭菜病虫害防治过程中科学使用农药及相关部门对农产品质量监管提供科学依据。……
