注干药剂对松材线虫病的预防效果
2021-04-29徐小源王晓丽吴呈侠
徐小源 王晓丽 吴呈侠


摘要 为筛选对松材线虫病预防效果较好的药剂,在松材线虫人工接种和自然侵染林区,选取4种常用的市售松材线虫病预防药剂(5%阿维菌素乳油树干注射剂、2%阿维菌素乳油注干剂、2%甲维盐微乳剂注干剂、1%甲维盐·9%吡虫啉可溶性注干液剂)在林间进行注干预防松材线虫病试验。结果表明,不论是在松材线虫人工接种林区还是自然侵染林区,4种药剂均具有较好的预防效果,松树死亡率控制在10%以下,其中1%甲维盐·9%吡虫啉可溶性注干液剂预防效果最好,人工接种及自然侵染林区在次年4月的松树死亡率仅为1.25%,其次为2%甲维盐微乳剂、5%阿维菌素乳油,2%阿维菌素乳油相对较差。由此可见,选择合适的药剂进行注干预防或防治,可有效预防松材线虫病的侵染。
关键词 松材线虫病;注干;预防效果
中图分类号 S763文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2021)07-0149-02
Abstract In order to screen prevention agents for pine wood nematode disease, four kinds of commercial trunkinjected agents(5% abamectin EC, 2% abamectin EC, 2% emamectin benzoate microemulsion and 1% emamectin benzoate+9% imidacloprid soluble liquid trunk injection)were tested to prevent pine wood nematode in the artificial inoculation of pine wood nematode and natural invasion forest areas. The results showed that four kinds of commercial trunkinjected agents had good preventive effects with one injection controlling pine death rate less than 10% in the second year. And 1% emamectin benzoate+9% imidacloprid soluble liquid trunk injection had the best preventive effect. The death rate of pine trees in artificial inoculation and natural invasion forest areas in April of the second year was only 1.25%. The other three trunkinjected agents(5% abamectin EC, 2% abamectin EC and 2% emamectin benzoate microemulsion)are less effective. Therefore,it can be prevent or control the infection of pine wood nematode disease effectively for choosing suitable trunk injection in field.
Key words Pine wilt disease;Trunkinjection;Preventive effect
作者简介 徐小源(1970—),男,浙江海盐人,工程师,从事林业病害防治研究。*通信作者,高级工程师,从事松材线虫病防治研究。
松材线虫病是一种外来入侵林业有害生物,号称松树的“癌症”,我国自1982年在南京中山陵园首次发现以来,已蔓延扩散至全国,目前已扩散至全国18 个省(区、市),已直接致死松树8 000 多万株,仅2019 年病死松树数量达1 946.74万株,是目前我国最具危险性的森林病害[1-3]。浙江省是全国松材线虫病重灾区,自1991年确认松材线虫病发生以来,疫区数量逐年增多,几乎遍布浙江省内。2019年已达69个县,接近全国疫区总数的1/10,对浙江省松林资源造成了严重的破坏,对千岛湖、天目山、西湖等国家风景名胜区构成严重威胁,直接和间接损失达千亿元,是我国松材线虫病危害最为严重的省份之一[4]。……
