蓖麻田美洲斑潜蝇防治药剂筛选
2021-04-29朱坤吴学平刘艳
朱坤 吴学平 刘艳



摘要 [目的]筛选蓖麻作物田用于防治美洲斑潜蝇的高效安全化学药剂。[方法]采用田间随机区组设计,在蓖麻田美洲斑潜蝇1~2龄幼虫期喷施7种供试药剂,测定防效及对作物的安全性。[结果]以推荐用量10%溴氰虫酰胺可分散油悬浮剂和60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂效果较好,药后3、7、10 d后调查,防效分别达87.73%、90.09%、86.61%和86.96%、89.65%、89.16%。75%灭蝇胺可湿性粉剂次之,其他药剂相对较差。[结论]防治蓖麻作物田美洲斑潜蝇优选60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂,必要时可在10 d左右进行二次喷施。
关键词 美洲斑潜蝇;蓖麻;药剂筛选
中图分类号 S433文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2021)07-0140-02
Abstract [Objective] To screen out effective and security control fungicides for Liriomyza sativa on the castor. [Method] Field random block design was used. Seven kinds of insecticides were sprayed in the young larvae stage of Liriomyza sativa in castor oil field, the control effect and the safety of crops were determined. [Result] The recommended dosage of 10% cyantraniliprole OD and 60 g/L spinetoram SC showed better control effect. The investigation after 3, 7 and 10 days showed that the control effect reached 87.73%, 90.09%, 86.61% and 86.96%, 8965% and 89.16%, respectively. 75% Cyromazine WP followed. The other fungicides were poor relatively. [Conclusion] 60 g/L spinetoram SC is preferred for the control of the Liriomyza sativae in castor field, and the secondary spraying can be carried out in about 10 days if necessary.
Key words Liriomyza sativae;Castor;Fungicide selection
作者简介 朱坤(1990—),男,河南新乡人,研究实习员,从事植保新技术研究。
美洲斑潜蝇(Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)属双翅目潜蝇科,可危害多种农作物。该虫寄主范围广,适应性强,繁殖快,自1994年在我国首次发现以来,迅速在全国范围内蔓延扩散[1-2]。幼虫潜入寄主作物叶片蛀食叶肉细胞,形成不规则的蛇形虫道,虫伤可减少叶片的叶绿素含量,降低光合作用,加剧蒸腾作用,严重影响作物的健康生长[3],已成为我国农业生产中的重要害虫。
目前防治美洲斑潜蝇仍以化学防治为主,多种药剂可有效防治美洲斑潜蝇的危害。但由于抗性、寄主类别等原因,药剂的防治效果可出现明显差异[4-7]。蓖麻作为我国重要的特种油料作物,用途广泛,具有极高的经济价值,在许多地区均有栽培[8]。美洲斑潜蝇是蓖麻的主要虫害之一[9],但国内鲜有药剂防治的系统研究,且没有以蓖麻为登记作物的防治药剂正式登记。……
