种植密度和施肥量对酒用糯高粱净光合速率·产量及品质的影响
2021-04-29董亚兵彭亚姝李魁印田山君徐如宏吴传玺任明见
董亚兵 彭亚姝 李魁印 田山君 徐如宏 吴传玺 任明见



摘要 探究酒用糯高粱品种茅粱糯2号在贵州地区栽培时的最佳种植密度和施肥水平,制定科学合理的肥密互作栽培技术提高其产量及品质,为糯高粱田间栽培提供参考依据。采用二因素随机区组试验,以酒用糯高粱优质品种茅粱糯2号为试验材料,通过设置不同种植密度及施肥水平,探究种植密度和施肥水平互作对糯高粱茅粱糯2号的产量及品质的影响。结果表明,种植密度和施肥水平对茅粱糯2号的净光合速率、农艺性状、产量及品质均有显著影响。种植密度与施肥量的交互作用表明,32.4万株/hm2+基肥340.61kg/hm2+追肥176.63kg/hm2(A3B2)处理的产量最高(6371.84kg/hm2);24.7万株/hm2+基肥340.61kg/hm2+追肥176.63kg/hm2(A2B2)处理下的品质最高,茅粱糯2号的单宁含量最高(2.32%);其直链淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量和总淀粉含量均达最高(分别为17.32%、58.67%、75.99%)。相关性分析结果表明,产量与穗粒数、穗数、穗重、千粒重、总淀粉含量、支链淀粉呈显著正相关;与单宁含量呈负相关。种植密度和施肥量显著影响茅粱糯2号的产量及品质。针对贵州地区糯高粱的产量和品质,茅粱糯2号品种的种植密度和施肥量互作以A3B2和A2B2为宜。
关键词 密度;施肥;茅粱糯2号;产量;品质
中图分类号 S.514文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2021)07-0020-05
AbstractToexploretheoptimalplantingdensityandfertilizerlevelsofwaxysorghumvarietiesMaoliangnuo2inGuizhouregion,toformulateascientificandreasonablefertilizerdensityinteractioncultivationtechniquetoimprovetheyieldandquality,weadoptedtwofactorrandomizedblockexperiment.WithMaoliangnuo2asexperimentalmaterial,differentplantingdensitiesandfertilizerlevelsweredesignedtoexploretheeffectsoftheinteractionofplantingdensityandfertilizerlevelsontheyieldandqualityofMaoliangnuo2.ResultsshowedthatplantingdensityandfertilizerlevelsonMaoliangnuo2hadsignificanteffectsonnetphotosyntheticrate,agronomictraits,yieldandquality.TheinteractionoftheplantingdensityandfertilizerlevelsshowedthatA3B2treatmenthadthehighestyield(6371.84kg/hm2),andA2B2treatmenthadtheoptimalquality.Maoliangnuo2hadthehighesttannincontent(2.32%),theamylose,amylopectinandtotalstarchcontentsreachedthehighestvaluesof17.31%,58.67%and75.99%.Correlationanalysisresultsshowedthatgrainshowedsignificantlypositivecorrelationwithgrainsperspike,earweight,1000grainweight,totalstarchcontentandamylopectincontent,buthadnegativelycorrelationwithtannincontent.TheyieldandqualityofMaoliangnuo2weresignificantlyaffectedbyplantingdensityandfertilizeramount.AccordingtotheyieldandqualityofwaxysorghuminGuizhouArea,treatmentsA3B2andA2B2weretheoptimalplantingdensityandfertilizationlevel.
KeywordsDensity;Fertilization;Maoliangnuo2;Yield;Quality
作者簡介 董亚兵(1993—),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,研究方向:作物遗传育种。*通信作者,教授,博士生导师,硕士,从事小麦、高粱等作物遗传育种及栽培技术研究工作。
糯高粱是酿造高档白酒的主要原料[1-2]。淀粉含量、淀粉结构及单宁含量与出酒率、白酒品质密切相关[3]。……
