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校园绿地规划与特色植物群落设计探析

2021-04-25邵海燕马锦义张清海王欣歆郜晴管彦环

天津农业科学 2021年3期

邵海燕 马锦义 张清海 王欣歆 郜晴 管彦环

摘    要:校园绿地景观的主要内容是植物群落,规划设计独特的植物群落已经成为一些高校打造校园特色景观的重要途径和手段。南京农业大学作为全国绿化模范单位和江苏省园林式单位,在既有较好绿化基础,又存在整体景观特色不够显著等问题情况下,着力构建和完善“一片、五带、十二园”的校园绿地景观空间系统,于校园中心区域重点规划能够展现显著特色的杜鹃海棠植物群落,同时设计具有南农园艺园林学科专业特色的专类植物群落花园,点缀整个校园绿地景观空间。

关键词:校园绿地;景观空间;特色植物;群落;规划设计

中图分类号: TU985.12+9        文献标识码:A      DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.03.017

Research on Campus Green Space and Distinctive Plant Community Design——Nanjing Agricultural University Weigang District as an Example

SHAO Haiyan1, MA Jinyi1,2, ZHANG Qinghai1,2, WANG Xinxin1, GAO Qing1, GUAN Yanhuan1

(1. College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu,Nanjing 210095, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Jiangsu,Nanjing 210095, China)

Abstract: Plant community is the key point of campus green space. The design of unique plant community has become an important way for some universities to create characteristic landscape of the campus. Under the condition of good greening foundation but insufficient overall landscape characteristics, and as a national green model unit and a garden unit in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University focused on the construction and improvement of the campus green space system of "one piece, five belts and twelve gardens". By planting the community of rhododendrons and Chinese flowering crabapple, the remarkable characteristics landscape was showed in the central area of the campus. At the same time, the plant community garden with the special characteristics of Nanjing Agricultural University horticultural garden discipline was designed to decorate the whole campus green space.

Key words: campus green space; landscape space; distinctive plant; plant community; planning and design

高校校园对广大师生而言,不仅是工作学习及日常生活的场所,在休闲游憩、户外放松等方面也具有重要作用。西方大学的建立源于欧洲的中世纪时期,大学校园形态经历了从具有宗教性的封闭式环境向开放式校园空间的转变,除校园绿地规划设计研究以外,同时注重校园景观文化特色的保护、塑造,以及校园景观的多样化[1-2]。我国的大学校园建设起步晚,早期针对校园绿地空间的研究较少,随着1995年科教興国战略提出,高等教育得到更多重视,相应校园绿地的建设实践以及针对校园绿地规划设计、理论研究、绿地生态环境、植物配置、管理养护等方向的相关研究也不断增加[3]。近年来受生态学、心理学、生物学、地理学……

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