钟澄 徐海婷

[摘要]目的：探究精細化护理模式辅助美容整形清创缝合术对颌面部外伤患者口腔功能恢复情况及美容效果的影响。方法：笔者医院2018年6月-2019年12月收治的80例颌面部外伤患者，随机分为观察组40例和对照组40例，观察组采用精细化护理模式，对照组采用常规护理。比较两组患者护理干预前后焦虑自评量表（Self-rating anxiety scale，SAS）和抑郁自评量表（Self-rating depression scale，SDS）评分、美容效果满意度、口腔功能恢复情况及生活质量评分。结果：治疗后两组SAS和SDS评分均显著降低，且观察组均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组美容效果满意度、口腔功能恢复优良率为97.50%、95.00%高于对照组的80.00%、77.50%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后两组生活质量各维度评分均升高，且观察组高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：精细化护理模式辅助美容整形清创缝合术在颌面部外伤患者中应用效果显著，有助于减轻患者负面心理，恢复其口腔功能，提高患者美容满意度，值得推广。

[关键词]颌面部外伤;精细化护理模式;美容整形清创缝合术;口腔功能;美容效果;焦虑;抑郁

[中图分类号]R473    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）03-0163-04

Effect of Refined Nursing Model Assisted Cosmetic Surgery Debridement and Suture on the Treatment of Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma

ZHONG Cheng，XU Hai-ting

（Department of Emergency，Wuxi Taihu Hospital，Wuxi 214000，Jiangsu，China）

Abstract： Objective  To explore the effect of refined nursing model assisted cosmetic surgery debridement and suture on the recovery of oral functions and cosmetic effect of maxillofacial trauma patients. Methods  80 patients with maxillofacial trauma admitted to our hospital between June 2018 and December 2019 were randomly divided into the observation group （40 cases） and the control group （40 cases）. The observation group adopted refined nursing model and the control group adopted routine nursing. The scores of Self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and Self-rating depression scale （SDS）， satisfaction of cosmetic effect， recovery of oral function and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after nursing intervention. Results  After treatment， the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups were significantly decreased， and the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The satisfaction rate of cosmetic effect and the excellent and good rate of oral function recovery in the observation group were 97.50% and 95.00%， which were higher than those of the control group（80.00%， 77.50%， P<0.05）. After treatment， the scores of each dimension of quality of life in the two groups were increased， and the observation group was higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion  Refined nursing model assisted cosmetic plastic debridement and suturing has a significant effect in the application of maxillofacial trauma patients， which is helpful to reduce the negative psychology of patients and restore their oral function， improve patients' satisfaction with cosmetic effect， which is worthy for promotion.

Key words： maxillofacial trauma; refined nursing model; cosmetic plastic debridement and suture; oral function; cosmetic effect; anxiety; depression

口腔颌面部是重要的人体部位，不仅影响整个面部形象，还承担有重要的生理功能。但由于解剖位置的特殊性，颌面外伤术后容易并发瘢痕、颜面畸形、口腔功能丧失等并发症，从而导致患者产生焦虑、抑郁等情绪，甚至影响康复[1]。常规护理侧重于疾病本身，没有针对性，且对患者心理状态干预较少，无法达到口腔颌面部的护理需求[2-3]。目前，适应于颌面部外伤患者的护理方法相关报道不多。精细化护理模式以口腔颌面部外伤患者特征为依据，广泛收集患者病情信息，能有效改善患者病情及心理变化，制定针对性精细化护理方案并随时调整，突出护理的精准性及细节化。本研究选择80例颌面部外伤患者进行对比研究，旨在为颌面部外伤患者的护理提供依据。……