赵慧源 田诗琪 翟春影 梁汶彬 王金亮 金铭 王宇晨 蔡珍珍

【摘要】 目的：探究柴胡皂苷有效成分柴胡皂苷a对慢性不可预见性温和刺激（chronic unpredictable mild stress，CUMS）抑郁大鼠模型行为学及海马区神经递质变化的影响，以期通过新的路径发现抗抑郁治疗的新靶点，为以后的临床实践做出一定理论基础。方法：将48只SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、氟西汀组和柴胡皂苷a高、中、低剂量组。建立CUMS模型，建模第1天開始，分别给予生理盐水、氟西汀1.2 mg/kg、柴胡皂苷a 50 mg/kg、柴胡皂苷a 25 mg/kg和柴胡皂苷a 12.5 mg/kg灌胃。分别于实验的第1、7、14、21天进行糖水偏好实验和体重测试;于实验第21天进行旷场实验。酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测大鼠脑内海马组织5-羟色胺（5-HT）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）的含量。结果：各组大鼠在造模实验前进行糖水偏好实验比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;21 d后，柴胡皂苷a高、中剂量组和氟西汀组相比于模型组糖水偏好性明显升高（P<0.05）;与对照组相比，模型组大鼠糖水偏好性明显下降（P<0.05）。经旷场实验，与模型组相比，柴胡皂苷a高剂量组中央区域运动时间减少，柴胡皂苷a纸剂量组运动时间升高（P<0.05）;与对照组相比，柴胡皂苷a低、中、高剂量组及氟西汀组、模型组运动时间均降低，中央区域均运动时间均升高（P<0.05）。经ELISA检测，与对照组相比，模型组海马组织5-HT和NE均降低（P<0.05）。柴胡皂苷a高剂量组脑内海马组织5-HT和NE均高于模型组（P<0.05）。结论：柴胡皂苷a可以改善CUMS大鼠抑郁样行为，调节CUMS大鼠脑内海马中5-HT和NE的表达。

【关键词】 柴胡皂苷a 抑郁 神经递质 5-HT NE

Effects of Saikosaponin a on Neurotransmitters and Behavior in Depressive Rats/ZHAO Huiyuan， TIAN Shiqi， ZHAI Chunying， LIANG Wenbin， WANG Jinliang， JIN Ming， WANG Yuchen， CAI Zhenzhen. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（34）： 0-032

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the effects of Saikosaponin a on behavioral and neurotransmitter changes in hippocampus of chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） depressed rats， to find a new target of antidepressant therapy through a new approach， which will provide a theoretical basis for future clinical practice. Method： A total of 48 SD male rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， Fluoxetine group and  Saikosaponin a high， medium， low dose group. The CUMS model was established. At the beginning of day 1， normal saline， Fluoxetine （1.2 mg/kg） ， Saikosaponin a （50， 25 and 12.5 mg/kg） were administered intragastrically. Sugar-water preference test and body weight test were performed on day 1， day 7， day 14， day 21. Open field test on day 21. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the content of 5-HT and NE in hippocampus of rats. Result： There were no significant differences in body weight and sugar-water preference test before model established （P>0.05）. After 21 days， compared with the model group， Saikosaponin a high， medium dose group and Fluoxetine group had significantly higher sugar-water preference （P<0.05）; compared with the control group， the sugar-water preference of the model group was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the exercise time in the central region of Saikosaponin a high dose group was significantly reduced， the exercise time of Saikosaponin a low dose group was increased （P<0.05）; compared with the control group， the exercise time of Saikosaponin a low， middle， high dose group and Fluoxetine group， model group were significantly decreased， the exercise time in the central region were increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， 5-HT and NE in hippocampus of model group were decreased by ELISA （P<0.05）. The 5-HT and NE in hippocampus of Saikosaponin a high dose group were higher than those of model group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Saikosaponin a can improve depression-like behavior of CUMS rats and regulate the expression of 5-HT and NE in the hippocampus of CUMS rats.

[Key words] Saikosaponin a Depression Neurotransmitter 5-HT NE

First-author’s address： Qiqihar Medical University， Qiqihar 161006， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.34.007

抑郁症是一种常见的情感性障碍疾病，以显著而持久的情绪低落为主要特征，同时伴有不同程度上的认知功能障碍，可伴有妄想和幻觉的精神疾病[1]。……