王宝林 贾国涛 白银帅 程良琨 刘超 孙九喆 陈洋 艾丹 崔廷 王晓瑜 张俊岭

摘  要：为探究烤烟Mg含量与烟叶内在品质的关系，以2018年全国249个烟叶样品为研究对象，分析了烤烟Mg含量在不同产地和部位间的变异特点，以及与化学成分和有机酸含量的关系。结果表明，我国烟區烤烟Mg含量主要集中在0.16～0.84%范围内，均值为0.40%;烤烟Mg含量与钾含量和钾氯比呈极显著负相关，与氯含量和氮碱比呈显著正相关;难挥发性酸中乙二酸、丙二酸、乳酸、乙酰丙酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸含量和有机酸总量与Mg含量都有显著相关性。烤烟适宜的Mg含量有利于协调烟叶化学成分和烤烟有机酸含量，改善烟叶内在品质。

关键词：烤烟;镁含量;化学成分;有机酸

Abstract： In order to explore the relationship between Mg content of flue-cured tobacco and quality of tobacco leaves， 249 tobacco leaf samples in 2018 were used in studying the variation characteristics of Mg content in flue-cured tobacco in different producing areas and parts， as well as the relationship with chemical composition and organic acid contents. The results showed that Mg contents of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco-growing areas of China mainly ranged from 0.16% to 0.84%， with an average value of 0.40%. Mg content of flue-cured tobacco was significantly negatively correlated with potassium content and potassium-chlorine ratio， and was significantly positively correlated with chlorine content and nitrogen-base ratio. The contents of oxalic acid， malonic acid， lactic acid， levulinic acid， malic acid， citric acid and total organic acid in the refractory acid had a significant correlation with Mg content of flue-cured tobacco. Suitable Mg content of flue-cured tobacco is beneficial to harmonize the chemical composition of tobacco leaves and the content of organic acids in flue-cured tobacco， and can improve the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves.

Keywords： flue-cured tobacco; Mg content; chemical composition; organic acid

镁（Mg）是植物生长的必需营养元素之一，国外相关研究表明，镁元素在植物体生长发育中具有关键作用，对植物的产质量有重要影响，是仅次于氮、磷、钾之后的第四大必需营养元素[1]。镁是植物叶绿体中唯一的金属元素，位于叶绿素分子的中心位置，在植物体的光合过程中起着举足轻重的作用，可促进碳水化合物的合成与转化[2]。镁还是植物体内多种酶的活化剂，三羧酸循环、呼吸作用、硝酸盐还原、糖酵解等生理过程中涉及到的许多酶均需要镁离子来激活[3]。朱英华等[4]研究表明，镁元素能促进烟株根系发育，有效提高烟株对矿质营养的吸收利用。邵岩等[5]研究认为，当烟叶镁含量低于0.38%时，烟株在团棵期就开始表现出缺镁症状，下部叶叶尖、叶缘失绿，叶肉黄化呈黄褐色叶脉仍保持绿色而呈网络状。……