翟琴琴 张杏梅

摘    要：为定量分析西安市水资源利用与经济增长之间的关系，从水资源生态足迹视角分析了二者之间的脱钩关系。研究表明：西安市水量资源生态足迹整体呈现出缓慢上升的趋势，人均水量生态足迹则缓慢下降，水质生态足迹呈快速下降态势，水环境有所改善。水量资源生态足迹与经济增长全部处于脱钩状态，但未实现完全脱钩，水质生态足迹与经济增长处于协调发展的理想状态，综合来看，水资源短缺與经济增长的关系是目前的主要矛盾。根据研究结果，本文为西安市水资源利用与经济增长的脱钩发展提出了相关建议。

关键词：水资源生态足迹; 脱钩; 水资源利用; 经济增长; 西安市

中图分类号：X24           文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.02.011

Decoupling Analysis of Water Resources Utilization and Economic Growth in Xi'an City Based on Water Ecological Footprint

ZHAI Qinqin， ZHANG Xingmei

（College of Geographical Science， Shanxi Normal University， Linfen，Shanxi 041004，China）

Abstract： In order to quantitatively analyze the relationship between water resources utilization and economic growth in Xi'an， this paper analyzed the decoupling relationship between them from the perspective of water ecological footprint. The results showed that the ecological footprint of water resources in Xi'an City had shown a slow upward trend as a whole， the ecological footprint of per capita water had slowly declined， the ecological footprint of water quality had shown a rapid decline， and the water environment had been improved. The ecological footprint of water resources and economic growth were all in a state of decoupling， but not completely decoupling. The ecological footprint of water quality and economic growth were in an ideal state of coordinated development. On the whole， the relationship between water shortage and economic growth is the main main contradiction at present. Based on the research results， this article put forward relevant suggestions for the decoupling development of water resources utilization and economic growth in Xi'an.

Key words： water ecological footprint;decoupling; water use; economic growth;Xi'an City

水是生命之源，生态之基和生产之要，具有生态和经济双重价值属性，是社会经济发展必备的战略资源和经济资源，在人类的生产发展过程中起着不可替代的作用。作为省会城市、大西安规划和关中平原城市群的中心，西安市的经济增长潜力巨大，但人均水资源量少，2018年人均地表水资源量为179.83 m3·人-1，不到全省的1/5，全国的1/10，远低于国际公认的维持地区经济发展所必需的1 000 m3的临界值，处于极度缺水范围，西安市水资源与经济增长的关系已经引起了广泛关注。

目前对于水资源与经济增长的关系多是从用水量角度进行分析，缺乏从用水量和污染水综合角度的研究，而水资源生态足迹能从水量和水质综合角度对其进行分析，弥补了单一角度研究的不足[1]，脱钩分析又能判断区域水资源利用与经济增长之间是否平衡，将两种理论相结合能够较全面的分析区域发展状况。……