郭丽华 邱荷岚 段发秀 谢艳

【摘要】 目的：探讨支气管哮喘（BA）患儿雾化吸入依从性的相关影响因素。方法：回顾性分析2019年11月-2021年6月在本院行雾化吸入治疗的98例BA患儿的临床资料，分析BA患儿雾化吸入依从性的相关影响因素。结果：BA患儿雾化吸入依从性好者25例（25.51%），依从性差者73例（74.49%）。单因素分析显示，心理状态、雾化方式、父母对雾化治疗知识了解程度与BA患儿雾化吸入依从性有关，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;年龄、性别、病程、雾化方式、BA家族史、父母文化程度与BA患儿雾化吸入依从性无关，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素分析显示，心理状态较差、空压雾化、父母对雾化治疗知识了解程度较差是BA患儿雾化吸入依从性的高危因素（P<0.05）。结论：BA患儿雾化吸入依从性受心理状态、雾化方式、父母对雾化治疗知识了解程度影响。

【关键词】 支气管哮喘 雾化吸入依从性 心理状态 空压雾化

Related Influencing Factors of Nebulization Inhalation Compliance in Children with Bronchial Asthma/GUO Lihua， QIU Helan， DUAN Faxiu， XIE Yan. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（35）： 0-100

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the related influencing factors for compliance of nebulized inhalation in children with bronchial asthma （BA）. Method： The clinical data of 98 children with BA who underwent aerosol inhalation therapy in our hospital from November 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed， and the related factors influencing the compliance of BA children with aerosol inhalation were analyzed. Result： A total of 25 cases （25.51%） of children with BA had good compliance with nebulization and 73 cases （74.49%） with poor compliance. Univariate analysis showed that psychological state， atomization method and parents’ understanding of atomization therapy were related to the compliance of children with BA atomization inhalation， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）; age， gender， course of disease， atomization method， BA family history， and parents’ education level were not correlated with the compliance of atomization inhalation in children with BA， and there was no statistical significance （P>0.05）. Multifactor analysis showed that poor psychological status， air pressure atomization， and parents’ poor understanding of atomization treatment knowledge were the high risk factors for the compliance of children with BA atomization inhalation （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The aerosol inhalation compliance of BA children is affected by the psychological state， the method of aerosolization， and the parents’ understanding of the knowledge of aerosol treatment.

[Key words] Bronchial asthma Nebulization inhalation compliance Psychological state Air pressure nebulization

First-author’s address： Ganzhou People’s Hospital， Ganzhou 341000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.35.024

支氣管哮喘（bronchial asthma，BA）是儿童常见的慢性气道反应性疾病之一，表现为咳嗽、喘息、胸闷等，易反复发作，增加住院率和急诊率[1-2]。雾化吸入糖皮质激素是治疗BA常用手段，药物可直接作用于患儿肺部病灶处，具有不良反应少、痛苦小、治疗效果好等优点[3-4]。但BA患儿年龄小，治疗时常出现哭闹、烦躁不安、不能积极配合等情况，影响雾化治疗的顺利实施，易出现雾化治疗失败。雾化治疗依从性与雾化治疗成功与否密切相关，良好的治疗依从性能确保治疗项目顺利、规范实施，提高治疗效果[5-6]。但目前临床关于影响BA患儿雾化吸入依从性的相关危险因素研究鲜少。……